Prewar Marxism in Japan Essay

Marxism was coined after its proponent, Karl Marx who believed that the abuses of capitalism would eventually lead to uprisings of the masses particularly of the working class. According to him, the aggrieved plight of the working class will become the key in unleashing the inevitable clashes between the classes. In his argument, Capitalism will be replaced by Communism, in which in his view, this set-up of free economy opens a gate to many inequalities in the society, making the weak and poor more vulnerable to the flaws of the system. As Uno Kozo observed in his work, The Essence of Capital, â€Å"The commodification of the labor force remains the crux of Capitalism† (SJT, pp.243). To Marx belief, Communism is the â€Å"common ownership of the means of production†. There would be public ownership of farms, factories, raw materials, and the like. To him, all means of production will be owned by the workers and all workers would eventually become workers.             In Japan, Marxism was first introduced in the late 1890’s but it was in the 1920’s that it started to catch attention and support from the people especially from the intellectuals (SJT, pp 239; Beckmann, pp. 139). The early Marxists belonged to two different groups, the reformers and the revolutionary. The reformers followed Tolstoian humanitarianism, advocated universal suffrage, and pursued reforms through parliamentary action. While the revolutionaries believed in the Materialist ideas from the German and French Marxist. They adhered to the idea of class struggle and direct revolutionary action by class-conscious workers. The revolutionaries were also attracted to the tactics of the anarcho-syndicalism (Beckmann pp. 140).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The various differences of principles of the Early Marxists in Japan had initially   signaled that a strong unified group would be quite a challenge to create a remarkable impact. In fact, at its onset Marxism was already noted with three general flaws such as its systematic character that degenerates into dogmatism; putative universality that recalls its foreign origin; and its critical modus operandi that provokes infighting and organizational fragmentation (SJT, pp241 ). But all these are generalized observations sums up probable enlightenment on why it seemed to appear that prewar Marxism was never a political success. However, it is pertinent to note that these observations envelopes one or more historical accounts and empirical evidences of the progresses and demise of prewar Marxism in Japan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The idea of Marxism had its strong appeal in the university circle composed mainly of the professors and students. In fact, one of its early and notable supporters was Kawakami Hajime of the Kyoto Imperial University. He wrote may treatises on Marxism and provided valuable assistance to other advocates in the persons of Sakai Toshihiko, Arahata Kanson among others (Beckmann pp. 145). At that time, the battleground was published material like newspaper wherein people can be informed and get influenced at the same time. At some point, it created impact and stirred the discontentment of the people resulting to the clamor for reforms in Japanese society. This clamor was highlighted more by the onset of the Japan Modernization process in which new demands for the fundamental changes in the society is created (Beckamm pp146). To quote Beckamm, â€Å"Marxism was attractive to them because it provided the fullest explanation of the idea of progress that they had yet encountered. They were easily seduced by the Marxist proposition that through the dialectic progress was inevitable.   Dialectical materialism gave them (supporters) a scientific methodology for analyzing Japanese society, as well as general principles of strategy for effecting change†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But no matter how ardent the campaign was and how dynamic the intellectual debates were, history underscores that prewar Marxism fell short in achieving its much desired political change. The variables affecting this result are attributed to both external and internal difficulties encountered by the group. It is believed that too much emphasis on theoretical conceptualization has left the advocates confused on what is real and what is not. And what is real during that time, is the dominance of the conservative elite who managed to uphold Japanese value system. All important institutions of Japanese society inculcated obedience, loyalty, and status over freedom, individual rights, and equality. All these summed up to hostilities of the society to individuals who think otherwise. Thus, it resulted to numerable defection from Communism and Socialism parties. It may also be relevant to note that conservative value system of Japanese society and the so called patterns of behavior during the modernization period contributed to the prevention of basic antagonism from being open clashes. Many intellectuals may be vocal in their convictions but a greater number of them seemed anxious to join the mass â€Å"hurly burly maybe because of the behavioral patterns pervading in the society and of the enveloping obligation not to disgrace the family through deviation from the generally accepted behavior. Another pitfall of the prewar Marxism is the very nature that the ideology was alien and much worse, dependent on the support of a foreign state which is labeled as enemy and competitor of their own country. It could not simply break the much preferred paradigm of Japanese Nationalism and Confucianism. Furthermore, the movement cannot fight equally with the raw power of the state especially of its police and military predisposition. This is for the obvious reason that communists had no civil liberties to protect them. As a matter of fact, party organizations were dismantled through various man-arrest in 1923, 1928, 1929, and much frequently in the 1930s. These arrests made it difficult for the advocates to maintain a substantial number that could function effectively for its cause (Beckamm, pp 148-150)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Much had been said by the writings and works of the early believers but less had been done. In the labor movement itself, the support and participation was only a small percent of the whole sector. Many who joined the cause were in the small and medium enterprises and almost none from the large industries. A few participation reflected that many have gone disillusioned or remained uninspired by the movement due to many failures of negotiations and strikes. The same also goes for the peasants, the Japanese agricultural communities and families were unreceptive and to some measure were hostile to Communism and Socialism. This maybe because the peasant movement lacks single central leadership that could have had become an effective channel of influence (Beckamm, pp150).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Commintern Policy also posted a challenge to the thriving ideology of Marxism. It added certain degree of divisiveness among the people in the movement. Also, it provided a very good issue that kept the proponents busy in arguing as to which would be the good and effective direction to heed towards the desired impact on Japanese society. Is it the bourgeois-democratic or the proletarian revolution? Again, it brood disunity, conflict, and frustration among themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The defection of Etsuzo, Sano, and Nabeyama also influenced fellow believers to defect and to condemn all together the principles and actions of the group they once pledge allegiance and commitment (Beckmann, pp160; 166).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In totality, prewar Marxism in Japan made numerous progresses and successes in bringing out brilliance among Japanese intellectuals. However, it was never translated into a political action that would have given life to the very essence of the teachings of Karl Marx. Though numerous reasons tried to explain this result, but maybe the only reason true enough to describe its failure is the one said by George Beckmann, â€Å"†¦the very nature of Japanese society made it extremely difficult, if not impossible, for a Communist movement to exist, let alone operate with any degree of effectiveness†¦to Marxist-Leninist terms, the objective conditions were not at all favorable. (Beckmann pp. 152)†

Comparasion Wks Essay

Indiana Common Core Standards: †¢Analyze the representation of a subject or a key scene in two different artistic mediums, including what is emphasized or absent in each treatment. †¢Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account. †¢Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. †¢Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text. Part One Directions: Use the following criteria to compare the film Simon Birch to the short story The Scarlet Ibis. Simon BirchScarlet IbisSimilarities/Differences Characters †¢Main characters †¢Protagonist/Antagonist †¢Round/Flat †¢Static/Dynamic †¢Evidence—use a quote from the text AND a line from the story to back up your answerSimon and joe Doodle and his big brotherThey erre both narrated by the second character Plot †¢Setting impact on plot (if any) †¢Events †¢Evidence Motivations †¢Characters †¢Same/different? †¢Evidence Tries to say that he is gods instrument Point of view †¢First or third person? †¢Limited or omniscient? †¢Evidence First person First personThey were both in first person and the narrator wasn’t the main character it was the second character Symbols †¢Symbols in story †¢Symbols in movie †¢Symbols that are similar in both †¢Anything left out? †¢EvidenceHis baseball cards and the armadillo The scarlet ibisThey both mean something to the main characters Theme †¢Theme of the movie †¢Theme of the story †¢Similarities in theme? †¢Differences in theme? †¢Evidence Setting †¢Setting of the story †¢Setting of the movie †¢Similarities in setting? †¢Differences in setting? †¢EvidenceI think that is takes place in the 1950’s? Because of the cars that was in the movie I dont know They both take place in the past Irony †¢Irony and type present in story †¢Irony and type present in movie †¢Similarities †¢Differences †¢EvidenceHe loved to play baseball and he loved joes mom but he killed her with a baseball that he hit into foul territory Situational irony Dramatic irony because when the scarlet ibis died we new that doodle was soon going to die Both of the main characters die

Financial Problems

Having the ability to pay monthly bills can be a challenge for some people. There are can be many solutions to this problem. One should evaluate the monthly bills to determine what is necessary. Consolidating credit debt may help. If all else fails try consulting a financial advisor. These steps are just a few steps that one may take in the steps to financial stability. One step that many find easy is evaluation of bills. Evaluating ones monthly bills could help lower that person’s monthly debt. The debtor should begin by writing down all monthly bills. He or she should evaluate what bills are necessary and which ones are not. Once that person has defined the bills by status, he or she needs to compare what each non necessity items can be removed. For example, if you have a cell phone with unlimited minutes do you need a house phone with all the amenities? If a person has internet access at home does he need mobile access for his laptops? Once the person has answered these questions he should then cancel any unnecessary bills. This person may utilize the internet and comparison shop for monthly rates on things deemed necessary. One may also interview neighbors and relatives to compare their similar service bills. This evaluation process should have great potential to a person with high number of bills. This may not help as much with a person who has a large amount of credit bills. A person with a large amount of credit bills may consider debt consolidation. Debt consolidation would consolidate credit card and finance bills into to one monthly payment. This is a loan so one must look for the best rates. Getting quotes from your bank or credit union should be your first start. Get the quotes in writing and remember to read the fine print. Look for late fees, balloon payments, and early payoff penalties. Also one may research the lending institution on BBB to verify lending practices, and maybe complaints. Networking with friends and family can also be a good source of information. One must remember that there is professional help for financial problems. A person who may have a hard time evaluating bills and may not be comfortable talking to banks may benefit from a financial advisor. A financial advisor is a professional who gives advice and financial planning services to an individual. This person may charge a fee or commission for this service. One may begin searching for an advisor through his bank or credit union. For those persons in financial stress this service is sometime offered for free. The financial advisor would evaluate your monthly income and ask you a series of questions. He or she may also set short term and long term goals for you. This will enable you to see progress clearly. This is just a simple outline of how one may concure financial burdens. This is just a simple outline of how one may conquer financial burdens. If a person can evaluate their own problems they have the majority of the problem solved. Being able to evaluate the problem would also allow a person to know the exact amount of money needed for a debt consolidation. Also knowing that you are not sure about all of your finances can inspire you to seek help from a professional that can help you understand. Understanding is the key no matter what strategy you choose. One must understand exactly what their problem is and also that they have reached a limit. Knowing what their limit is another key to financial recovery. Debt evaluation, debt consolidation, or hiring a financial advisor may be a great help to someone in financial despair.

Incentive Plans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Incentive Plans - Research Paper Example Salary incentive plans are best suitable when organizations need to exercise greater control over the sales force in order to achieve organizational goals including the development of new market segments, excellence in customer services, and delivery of other support functions. In case of team selling activities, this incentive plan is more appropriate because it is very difficult for the management to identify individuals whose effort contributed to the sale. In addition, the method can be used in any situation where a flawless employee performance evaluation is not possible. From the perspective of a salesperson, the salary incentive plan is more secure because incentive rate does not change according to the sales volume fluctuation. In the words of Reinfeld (1996), employees who are working in the service sector are non-aggressive and they need a stable environment to perform their tasks effectively. From an employer perspective, this incentive plan is helpful for the organization to operate its business activities more efficiently as employees are not forced to increase the sales volume under this plan. Advantages As Reinfeld (1996) points out, high level of management control over the sales force is the most potential advantage of salary incentive plans; and this incentive plan can assure salespeople a steady and secure income. As the salary incentive is at a fixed rate, it is easy for the management to monitor and control its budgeting activities effectively. Another benefit of this plan is that it is very easy to understand. Equal treatment of employees assists the organization to avoid employee conflicts to a great extent. Under this plan, the company incurs relatively fixed sales costs, and this situation reduces the level of future uncertainty as well. Disadvantages Many companies claim that this plan would not improve employee productivity significantly as employees are paid regardless of the sales volume. The most notable demerit of this incentive p lan is that unproductive employees are paid for the effort of other productive employees. In other words, efficient and hardworking employees are not sufficiently paid for their extra effort. Under this incentive system, firms are often forced to exercise close supervision over their sales force. According to Reinfeld (1996), the salary incentive plan does not provide any incentive for a balanced sales mix. Commission plans Under the commission incentive system, payments are made on the basis of actual employee performance or sales volume. Since an employee’s productivity level rests with his/her own skills and efficiencies, this plan offers an unlimited incentive to employees. To be more specific, commission plans assist employees to determine their income level. Commission rates are determined by the organization. The commission plan is more appropriate when sales are promoted by individuals rather than the team effort. If the organization practices aggressive competition s trategies, commission incentive plans would be more suitable. Advantages According to Zenger and Marshall (1995), the most notable benefit of commission plans is that payment is directly linked to employee performance under this system. Commission incentive plans are very easy to be administered and commission rates can be easily computed. It provides employees with an opportunity to increase their earnings based on their performance.  

A Major Theme Both in Titanic and Avatar by James Cameron Research Paper

A Major Theme Both in Titanic and Avatar by James Cameron - Research Paper Example The film Titanic developed around a fictional love story between two young passengers of the ship Titanic. As in the case of many other love stories, the lovers in this film were from different social backgrounds; one was rich and the other was poor. â€Å"The film opens in modern times and shows an expedition team diving where the Titanic sunk, taking along with it the famous 56-Carat blue diamond† (Titanic). After seeing the live telecast of this exploration, a 101-year-old woman (Rose or Kate Winslet) came forward to claim the ownership of that diamond. She then began to tell the actual story of the Titanic and the film was developed based on that. The theme of film avatar is a mining mission conducted by humans on Pandora which is the satellite of Alpha Centauri star system. Humanoids or some creatures with similarities with a human were the inhabitants of Pandora. The mining mission caused several problems to the humanoids and the war between humans and humanoids broke ou t. â€Å"The climax of the plot is the traditional epic battle of good versus evil† (Avatar: Summary and Analysis) or battle between humans and humanoids. In both the movies, at least one of the major characters faces a disaster at the end. None of the characters who faced disaster at the end deserved such a cruel destiny. In Titanic, Billy Zane accuses Jack of stealing whereas in Avatar Jake and Dr Grace were tied on a wooden cross by the humanoids. It should be noted all these characters suffered a sad end to their lives. James Cameron seems to be an expert in exploiting the sentiments of the viewers. He knows very well how to mix tragedy with romance and adventure and to exploit the soft corners of the viewers.

Review Of A Musical Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review Of A Musical Performance - Essay Example Considering the tight competition, the audience is always sure of getting the best from every performance. From the look of the audience, some come mainly to be entertained while others come to support their preferred artist. Jeers and cheers are depending on how the audience takes it usually accompany the performance. Every year, the concert grows bigger and bigger with new and raw talent. Students are usually packed in the auditorium hours before the main performance. This is done to ensure that none misses on good space view or single performance. Before the concern officially begins, students can be heard talking among themselves while others are busy browsing their phones. On the announcement of the first performances, the mood changes abruptly as every eye is fixed on the podium. The show is usually full of many surprises, fun and a lot of laughter. The various music producers can be seen in their notebooks, recording what they feel is relevant to them as they discuss among the mselves. The thrill of the performers as they jump from one corner of the podium to the other is refreshing. A keen look at the performing artist, we notice that his thrill increases when the crowd cheers and cools a little bit when there is a jeer. The behavior really proves that the success of an artist largely depends on the number of fans that enjoy their music. This kept me thinking about the kind of music that is common in our radio stations and even TV screen.  

Quantitative Methods and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Quantitative Methods and Analysis - Essay Example In correlation research, information is normally gathered through questionnaires, interviews or through secondary sources. The variables in a correlation study are usually selected through a given rationale (Cohen, 2002). For instance one can seek to examine the attitude of students towards math and their mathematical modeling ability in the workplace. In that case one will seek to find out whether the two variables are correlated in any way. A correlation coefficient is then computed which is a quantitative value and will indicate the direction and the size of the relationship between the two variables. The two variables are chosen because in one way or another there may seem to be a relationship between them. The results obtained from a correlation survey are very relevant and practical in the workplace. For investment purposes, the correlation between different portfolios can be determined so as to diversify and avoid investing in similar ventures. A business can also use correlation analysis to find out how different factors affect the sales volume. In the evaluation of learning, the study of correlation can effectively illuminate various issues that account for the disparities in learning abilities of the students (Adrich, 2008). The study of correlation is therefore very relevant not only in the social sciences but in entirely all sectors of human

Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions - Essay Example he unemployment rates does undercut directly the major efforts put underway in the stabilization of the banking industry whenever crises arise like the recent financial crisis. The unemployment rates do increase the amount of toxic assets held by banks. This is because the unemployed borrowers end up defaulting on the loan agreements. This indicator also increases the cost of Term Asset-Backed Lending Facility that is meant to safeguard banks against defaulters. When many people are unemployed, they are unable to make deposits in the banks and thus the liquidity levels go low. This indicator does exacerbate the frictions experienced in the credit market since rates go high. These frictions could end up posing obstacles that bring difficulties to banks in their quest to adjust nominal rates whenever they arise. Examples of these obstacles created by the inflation on banks is the ceiling by the government on interest rates in the banking sector; and those that arise from the banks’ response to the given incentives and risks, which are brought about by the existing regulations, laws, economic conditions and policies. These frictions could also affect the economic growth by reducing the available amount to be borrowed. With high inflation, we get a situation where the interest rates keep rising and the cost of borrowing in the banking sector increases. The increased cost of borrowing due to inflation means that few borrowers would be willing to access loans thus reducing the portfolio of banks. This fiscal policy does affect the rate of economic growth since it adds to the aggregate demand. An increase in total federal spending, without a similar rise in tax receipts, means that for every dollar spent by the government, there is an income for the people that do satisfy the basic increment in the demand for the public commodities. Thus the people are willing to spend and in essence do rise the income for the second wave of demand increases thus reducing the income

My Diary Napoleon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Diary Napoleon - Essay Example The friendship had grown, without considering nationalities, language or even cultural milieu. The fact that I was a descendent of Napoleon Bonaparte did not accentuate or deter our friendship in any way. Today, I finally met Takimori and his sister, Tomoe. Takimori is a very obedient brother. His sister did not particularly favour my presence. and my friend obeyed. Nothing would stop me from appreciating his obedience and still considering him my close pal, in spite of distances. After all, circumstances twist our lives. I will have to look for shelter elsewhere in the Japanese land. Nonetheless, the world is my home! The first friend I made today in this beautiful city, is a creature that is going to accompany me through my journey. This four-legged loyal creature is my closest friend today, and will be one. The very fact that my friend is considered the most loyal creature, gives me a high. We intend to remain this way. I also met a beggar. The poor old chap was really lonely and looked down upon. He kept narrating interesting anecdotes and I felt humbled at the knowledge he possessed and his innate nature. Here's an end to my second day, the beautiful world of dreams beckons me! DAY 3 My third day in this beautiful country was quite an adventurous one. As I kept exploring and travelling with my companion, I checked in to a hotel called the Love hotel. I liked the name, it was so symbolic of the various forms of love we encounter in this world. This world is full of love and joy, trust and care. A mother's love, a sibling's love, a friend's love, a spouse's love.love comes in many forms. It simply embellishes this world and our lives, binding us together and helping build lifetime bonds. It was at this place, that I came across a lady in a disheveled state . She was intent at escaping and rushing out, but seemed to be scared. I helped her escape, since she was completely distressed. She tried running away and shying away, but I certainly tried my best to help her out. However, this angered the hotel management and they turned me out. Back to square one, my loyal companion and I have become the guests of nature this night! Day 4 The very lady whom I helped yesterday, bumped into me today. She was thankful for the help done, that she offered me food and also took me to an old fortune teller. This is the way the world functions. Goodness is spread everywhere and comes in some form, to one's rescue. Tired, as I am today, I shall continue the rest tomorrow! Statement The very purpose of initiating the journal of Gaston, from the day he arrived at Japan, is to highlight the chronology of events that take place. The biggest setback that one can receive when one trusts a friend and goes on to meet the person, is not being invited with open arms and to feel the bruise of being judged on the basis

Principles of research & evidence based practice Essay

Principles of research & evidence based practice - Essay Example In addition, concepts and theories of nursing allege that a nurse is bound to his/her practice policies as well as personal choices. Therefore, for nurses to undertake any course of actions, evidence is supposed to lead the decisions while concepts and information enabling such decisions is required prior to implementing decisions and deemed solutions. For the nursing career, care is the major responsibility which the nurse is entrusted with as it involves of use of interventions aiming at providing care for patients with differing and a wide range of personal and medical needs (Burns, & Grove, 20). Evidence in nursing is a function of both research and analysis of data regarding medical problems that the nurse may be presented with. This means that a nurse is entitled to provide diagnosis of illness through researching on symptoms, medical tests, and information on the best practices available. However, while nurses are categorized as care givers, their welfare in terms of performan ce and attachment with the work they do has been identified as problematic at personal development level. For example, the nurses are care givers and therefore are classified as the service deliverers but their welfare hangs on the balance as they do not have bodies or entities that care for them. This is according to a research conducted by Burtson and Stichler (2010) in which they allege that satisfaction of nurses is a function of how they are treated, both in compensation and how they are developed to adapt and deal with personal issues while at the same time providing the best care to their patients. According to the results from Burtson and Stichler’s research, nurses get their satisfaction from the work they do. The responsibility of providing care to patients is one among a cluster of factors that ensure that a nurse is satisfied. The level of satisfaction enables the nurse to conduct research and employ cohesiveness in their duties. In this case, a nurse with persona l issues and unsatisfied needs is unable to provide substantial evidence-based care. In this case, the quantitative research article ‘nursing work environment and nurse caring: relationship among motivational factors’ gives an account of the various factors that influence nurse satisfaction and the possible outcomes when caring is considered. The purpose and aim of this document is to analyze the various factors of consideration that connect nursing research with best practice. In addition, a critique to two articles, quantitative and qualitative research methods, will show the different types of research methods, designs, and approaches used by the nurses before they implement their interventions. Research methods and designs are used to determine the variables and factors that affect a group of patients, individual patients, or the relevance of using treatment and control groups in a research-based intervention. Nursing therefore includes research whose purpose is to provide evidence which in turn is used to implement interventions. A background study on evidence-based practice shows that during the 1980s, evidence-based medicine was the term

Internet Gambling Essay Example for Free

Internet Gambling Essay The technoculture related topic that I am going to explore is the phenomenon of Internet gambling. With the emergence and explosion of gambling on television such as the World Series of Poker of ESPN or The World Poker Tour on the Travel Channel, online gaming has quickly become a major player in the technoculture of contemporary society. I feel it is important to explore this issue because of American societys fascination and obsession with gambling. Gambling can and has become a very serious and damaging activity to many people in this country. According to CNN. com, studies have shown that people who gamble on the Internet tend to have more serious addictions than people who wager through more traditional venues. Through my research, I hope to further explore why Internet gambling has the potential to be more dangerous than traditional casinos and how younger generations of Americans and the government are responding to this ever-growing phenomenon. Literature Review The research I discovered on Internet gambling is fairly recent and comprehensive. Since online gaming is a reasonably new trend, the material written on the matter was rather current. Furthermore, there was a substantial amount of information within these three sources. It was evident that the three authors conducted high-quality research, and it showed with the use of graphs, charts, and case studies. Also, the three sources had a very similar outlook on the present and future situation of online gaming. With that being said, given that online gaming is at the peak of its existence, it is imperative that further exploration and examination within the subject be carried out. Because of the instant access one has to a gambling venue and the privacy factor of the Internet, online gaming has become a risky undertaking for many. According to David Schwartz (2003), Internet gambling presents new problems for individuals and society (p. 214). Instead of driving to an actual physical casino, problem gamblers can enjoy betting in the comforts of their own home. At home, they are not monitored by other gamblers and/or casino personnel which results in the ability to set their own limit. The Internet also allows the gambler to maintain a level of privacy not found in real casinos. If there are no friends or family around to supervise, then the gambler can engage in irresponsible betting without any time constraints. Finally, unlike real casinos, Internet casinos are readily available at the click of a button. If an online gaming organization will not accept ones money, one can bet that there are thousands of others that will be happy to take ones funds. The demographics of gambling are interesting to investigate within the subject. According to Rachel Volberg (2001), adults ages 18 to 29 are substantially more likely than older adults to have gambled privately (p. 34). Young adults are also more likely to gamble for excitement compared to older adults (Volberg, 2001). This is not a difficult concept to grasp. Normally, young adults have a less appreciative concept of money because they do not have as great of a responsibility as older people in regards to providing for family, paying bills, and spending money on expenses that are traditionally not familiar to a younger person. Furthermore, young people are usually unsupervised, especially in the collegiate demographic. Without the approval from mommy and daddy, young adults all across America are enjoying the financial freedom to do whatever they want with the money they have. In addition, according to Thomas Barker and Marjie Britz (2000), many college students have deep pockets ? Mom and Dads (p. 139). With this new found autonomy and fiscal assistance from parents, college kids are engaging in online gaming for fun and excitement. However, if left untreated and unsupervised, the fun and excitement can soon turn into a dangerous addiction with serious consequences and ramifications. With the possibility of Internet gambling becoming a serious problem, the government has been asked to step in and legislate the situation. According to Volberg (2001), The fact that Internet gambling is conducted in a networked, data-intensive environment offers opportunities for regulation and oversight in several critical areas, including licensure, testing for game integrity and site security, auditing and oversight, taxation, and consumer protection (p 97). Basically, Volberg is supporting a regulatory system that will be able to monitor the activities not only of the individual gambler, but of the gambling website as well. If the government actually does get involved, certain problems can be remedied. For example, every transaction made by a player can be closely followed and tracked. If a player indicates behaviors that suggest irresponsible decision-making, the player can be flagged and possibly suspended from a gambling website. However, all in all, Internet gambling will most likely always have its problems. Just like alcohols are with minors, people will get their hands on something they probably should not be touching. Internet gambling is an intensifying activity in American culture. With all the limitless possibility and endless potential of the Internet, online gaming will continue to be a major player in the world of technoculture and the information society. Nevertheless, what is important within this public sphere is to be able to responsibly deal with the world of Internet casinos. We need to come to a positive middle ground between the two sides of the spectrum; the fun and excitement of gambling and the spiraling addiction. Current Trends Like anything in life, when you create stimulus you are going to yield a response. In regards to online gaming, the stimulus that was created was the buzz generated by the constant bombardment of gambling programs on television. ESPN annually televises The World Series of Poker during the summer in which thousands of people descend upon Las Vegas to gamble in all types of events including poker, blackjack, craps, etc Many times they tell the story of some average Joe who enters a tournament and eventually ends up winning thousands of dollars. This false sense of hope has grabbed millions of Americans into thinking that they too, have the ability to win a substantial amount of money. The response to this stimulus has been the emergence of online casinos. However, instead of people winning money, crime has actually been the fallout of this risky behavior. According to ABCnews. com (2006), a Lehigh University student by the name of Greg Hogan Jr. attempted to rob a local bank in order to pay off his gambling debts. He was eventually caught and pleaded guilty to the offense and now faces up to three years in jail. During his interview with Good Morning America, Mr. Hogan blamed his addiction to online gambling websites for his setback, and cautioned the American public to the dangerous power of Internet gaming. In addition to his story, according to ABCnews. com (2006), 2. 9 million Americans between the ages of fourteen and twenty-two gamble with cards online at least once a week, and fifty percent of male college students and twenty-six percent of female college students gamble on cards at least once a month. To combat this growing epidemic, the House of Representatives took a proactive stance on the matter by passing legislation that would make it illegal to use credit cards on gambling websites and make it significantly more difficult to access these sites. Whether it gets passed by the Senate and the Executive Branch is another matter, however, at least the government is recognizing the problem sooner rather than later. In conjunction with this theory of crime, many Internet scammers have found opportunity within this growing trend. An article on ABCnews. com (2006) describes an elaborate scheme where bookies took sports bets through an Internet gambling site. The insecurity of the website allowed these thieves to launder millions of dollars and corrupt the free enterprise system of the Internet gaming business. Fortunately, these criminals were caught. Nevertheless, it makes you wonder how frequent this sort of thing exists in the online world. Some have argued, nonetheless, that Internet gambling has its benefits. According to Tom W. Bell (1998), the inclusion of the Internet has fostered competition to a business that has long enjoyed the sanctuary of restraining licensing practices. Rather than having to fly out to isolated casinos in Vegas or Atlantic City, you can enjoy the experience of gambling in the comforts of your own home. Bell (1998) also supports the belief that gambling in your home allows an individual to escape the traps found in real, physical casinos. A person does not have to be surrounded in a windowless structure while being harassed by cocktail waitresses carrying a tray of free booze. Because of online gaming, the business world has more free enterprise and has given the individual a sense of security not found in traditional locales. In terms of my own personal experience, I actually signed up to one of these gambling websites to investigate how they attract and seize the public. The website was www. gambling. com and in order to register, all I had to give them was a current e-mail address. I found it sort of comforting to know that they pledged that they would not pass any of my information on to any other company and/or website because I did not want my stagweb to become flooded with junkmail from these websites. Immediately after becoming a member, I was granted 400 Ludos. I had no clue as to what Ludos were, but after some probing, I discovered that they were basically a form of Internet currency. For every twenty five Ludos, I received a dollar. That equals sixteen dollars. But, heres the catch. For me to actually receive the Ludos and use them to gamble, I would have to give them my credit card information and pay a montly fee which was actually just about as expensive as the Ludos themselves. Brilliant. Moreover, the website contained links in which I could learn how to play games by reading tutorials, and then, actually play those games. I conducted a little experiment of my own to see how many times I won during one of the games. Out of twenty-five spins on one of the slot machines, I ended up winning sixteen times. That is a sixty-four percent average of winning. Now, anyone who understands anything about gambling knows that the absolute best percentage of winning is fifty percent. However, most of the games are not even close to that percentage. My suspicion leads me to believe that these websites give a false sense of hope to their members. If they succeed in tempting people to try these games, and these games yield a winning percentage better than fifty percent, more often than not, someone is going to believe that they actually have a great chance of making money. It actually is a genius scheme to lure in the public. Make them believe. Once they have accomplished that, these websites have them right where they want them. Conclusions The effects of online gaming are now becoming more clear and transparent to technoculture and the information society. It is apparent that online gaming has become a microcosm of the digital divide that exists within society. According to one of our readings during the semester written by Oscar H. Gandy, Jr. (2002), the differences that make up the digital divide are more than just social constructions. The actual construction is molded due to the new systems of communication that have surfaced within the last twenty years. In relation to online gaming, Internet gaming websites are now competing to display the flashiest, most hypertextual sites in order to attract customers. Due to this competition, better bandwidth and enhanced software will result, thus highlighting the digital divide. Data mining and this notion of surveillance has also entered the conversation regarding online gaming. Because an individual has to present private information about ones self on a website to facilitate gambling, the possibility of gambling website selling personal information in return for financial gain is a distinct possibility. As aforementioned, the site I visited before pledged that they did not engage in data mining. Yet, this seems to suggest that other sites do exercise this right which effectively gives companies useful information about yourself. Moreover, whenever someone uses the Internet, especially in a situation where one willingly submits personal information such as credit card and phone numbers, the possibility of third party surveillance is always present. It really conveys the authentic risks one undertakes when participating in the latest innovation. Another theory that online gaming illustrates is the constant tension between structure and agency. The government represents structure. As a stable entity, it looks to control the path of Internet gambling by establishing rules and regulations in hopes of creating some order. Internet gambling, on the other hand, is the perfect example of agency. Gambling, in and of itself, is the exact definition of what agency represents: the ability of uncertainty and chaos to influence the parameters through which we live. However, as much as these two concepts seem unrelated, there is an interdependence that spurs the creation of new technologies, not only in the world of online gaming, but throughout the technological landscape. Annotated List of Relevant URLS 1. http://www. playwinningpoker. com/resources/sites2. html : This website is a resource for gamblers.It allows the user to learn new games, find new games, and contact certain people involved with gambling. 2. http://www. gambling. com/best/online-gambling-sites. htm : This website directs users to the best gambling websites on the Internet. It has a list on the left hand side with about sixty different links to other gambling sites. 3. http://www. out-law. com/page-6655 : This website is about illegal activities on the Internet. It contains a few articles on illegal mishaps that have occurred through Internet gambling websites. 4. http://www. becker-posner-blog.com/archives/2006/08/on_internet_gam. html : Blog that contains articles about Internet gambling. Website constructed by Gary Becker and Richard Posner. 5. http://www. cardplayer. com/blog/entry/179 : Blog that is pro-Internet gambling. Players write their feelings on why they think Internet casinos are fun and exciting. 6. http://www. istoppedgambling. com/ : Website founded to help people with gambling problems. Includes personal stories, how-to instructions, and negative articles about gambling. 7. http://www. nomoregambling. com/ : Website founded to help people with Internet gambling problems. Has a hotline and other medias to help combat irresponsible Internet betting. Works Cited Barker, Thomas Britz, Marjie (2000). Jokers Wild: Legalized Gambling in the Twenty-first Century. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Schwartz G. , David (2003). Suburban Xanadu: The Casino Resort on the Las Vegas Strip and Beyond. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Books, Inc. Volberg A. , Rachel (2001). When the Chips Are Down: Problem Gambling in America. New York, NY: The Century Foundation, Inc. http://www. cato. org/testimony/ct-tb052198. html.

Gas Laws Lab Essay Example for Free

Gas Laws Lab Essay Introduction: In this lab we are going to investigate behavior of gas by working with a molecular model. Factors that effect gas behavior our pressure, temperature, volume and the number of moles. We are going to keep to variables constant and record the relationship or change in the remaining factors. Independent variables: Temperature, number of moles, volume Dependent variable: Pressure Controlled variable: apparatus used (computer program downloaded from the internet), volume and number of moles Question: What is the relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas filled container with constant volume and number of moles? Hypothesis: temperature and pressure are directly related. As temperature increases pressure increases. Pressure is directly proportional to temperature when the number of moles and volume are kept constant. Procedure: Log on to the Internet and visit heinnemann.co.uk/hotlinks and enter the express code 4266S. Click on weblink 3.2 the simulation on the right will appear. In this simulation one can set the parameters as per desire. For this experiment we need to set the volume and number of moles constant. Three trials are done for accuracy. For the first trial, we need to set the volume constant. The volume will remain set to the default value. Then pump 100 heavy species particle in the container and keep them the same until the next trial. The temperature will automatically go to 300K, remove heat to lower the temperature to 150K. Record the pressure produced. Add 50K each time, before taking another reading until the temperature reach 500K. Record the change in pressure with simultaneous temperature in a table. Before starting the next trail hit the reset button. Before starting the second trail change the depth of the container to 3.4nm. Measure the depth with a ruler (the ruler is given as a tool for measurement). Pump 100 more heavy species in the container to make a total of 200 particles. Increase the temperature as done before with similar intervals and record the pressure in form of a table. Hit the reset again and start the final trail. For the third trial, increase the depth of the container to 9nm and pump in a total of 300 heavy species particle. Record the temperature and pressure in a table. The uncertainty in this experiment for temperature is +0.5K and for pressure is +0.5 Pa. Use the tables to graph the data to show the relationship between temperature and pressure. Conclusion and Evaluation: From the data collected and the graphs processed we can make out that pressure is directly related to temperature when the number of moles of particles and the volume of the container is kept constant. We know that as temperature increases the particles gain more energy and collide at a faster rate with each other and the wall of the container. As the number of collisions increases, the more the particles exert force on the walls of the container. The force that the particles have on the walls is known as the pressure. All the 3 graphs have a linear relationship and the slopes of their lines are the coefficient of the temperature because temperature is directly related to pressure. As shown by the graphs temperature is directly proportional to pressure. In other words keep the volume and the amount of gas constant and change the temperature (by heating or cooling) and observe the change in pressure (Pressure law: P=const*T). The lines are not straight and a line of best fit is used. The unevenness of the lines on the graphs shows that there are slight errors involved in the experiment. The errors included are systematic, analytical and random. As the pressure was fluctuating the value noted was randomly chosen. The temperature was sometimes a point higher or lower, which again caused the pressure gauge to give a slight of value. Also the uncertainty in the measurement of volume showed that there were some errors also included while taking the measurement of the container. Suggestions for improvements: The lab was precise because of the number of trials done but it could be accurate by reducing the errors made in the experiment. Try to hit the raise the temperature of the container in the simulation accurately if that is not possible try setting the default temperature to the desired value and record the pressure. This would allow the pressure gauge to be more accurate. When taking measurement of the container for volume with a ruler try to avoid the parallax error, which is created by not looking at the measurement perpendicularly. Take the mode value from all of the values produced by the pressure gauge and wait a minute or two after setting the temperature and before noting the temperature. This helps to get a more accurate reading because the particles get enough time to settle. By recording the pressure value after giving certain breaks in the experiment will help the lines on all the three graph to be less uneven and more accurate.

A Critical Examination of Credit Unions

A Critical Examination of Credit Unions Table of Contents Introduction credit unoin credit union facts Why credit union? Who can join? Payday loans or credit union Payday loans Credit union Key features References Introduction credit unoin Credit unions are non-profit financial institutions established on co-operative principles ground, Credit union exist to help the financial welfare of their members as well as to improve the financial State of the local community. Credit Unions is created on principle of ‘ethical lenders’, Particularly, they facilitate help to their members or the community by generating capital from the members in forms of deposits or saving in which to serve and provide loans to other members at a good interest rate. credit union facts There are around 400 credit unions in Britain with capital and assets of close to  £1 billion. Over one million people are members of credit union, and the goal would be to boost this by twice by 2017 throughout the credit union expansion project. The credit union sector is rising and improving rapidly, however is up till now small comparing to other nations, for example: Ireland in which 70% of the general public are members of credit unions, compared to only around 2% in Britain. Approximately more than 90% of the British people has the ability to be a part of a credit union considering where they are living. And some people are qualify throughout their workplace. Across the globe there are 56, 000 credit unions providing financial services to 200 million members in 101 countries. According to the ABCUL (association of British credit union limited) at year end September 2012 there are 22 credit unions across the UK now offer current accounts, and more than 35,000 people have their current account with a credit union, never to mention some credit unions offer mortgages, cash ISAs and insurance products. And in just between September 2012 and March 2013 there has been steady growth in the sector, not only the number of members increased by 3.2% but also in term of assets recorded rise 6.7%, beside, growth of loan by 2.4%.In fact only for the last decade between 2002 and 2012 Britain has witnessed growth in membership and loan in the credit union sector more than double by 125% and 146% in that order, and treble times in deposits along with assets by 196% and 199% respectively (abcul, 2013). Now-days over than 68,400 individuals benefit from the services by 21 credit union in wales alone. Why credit union? Credit unions appear to be very competitive and actually happens to demonstrate one of the best value in Britain current market for loans up to as much as about  £2, 000, and many which will compete with bank rates for considerably higher value loans too. Credit union can be beneficial to people who can’t have access to regular standard bank or financial products like; struggling communities or people with financial difficulties. Besides, they usually a better option to pay-day loans or lending sharks. However, theyre not only just for people with financial problems, but also they attract people who desire to deal with ethically financial institution to enhance and helping out their local community. What is more some large credit unions deliver products which could be better and outdo popular traditional banks. Their main services are savings and borrowing, but also various other more services that can be offered include things like current accounts or ISAs, mortgages. Who can join? Since January 2012, the requirement for membership in credit union are at ease to some extent, and now is easier than before. its more choice instead of obligation, however, there still some criteria to be met for instance common work place, living or if belonging to trade union or an organisation, and even individuals now can be members. Now for someone working for the Royal Mail Group and a member of the main trade union for postal workers; the Communication Workers Union (CWU), surly he’s qualify to join credit unions, and it would be the best choice for him to join credit unions such as; and Penny Post Credit Union, or Commsave Credit Union Limited and 1st Class Credit Union. Key finding Payday loans or credit union If you decided to take a loan from payday Loans Company, it’s wise to fully understand the term payday loan also really essential to compare some payday loans with other loans provider such as: credit unions. Payday loans Pounds to pocket payday loans It’s a company that provides payday loans, unsecured loans usually for short time, which the interest rate depending on the amount of the loan and the payment dates, they provide loans up to  £2000. Highlights Fixed interest rate of 172% per year 14.3% Monthly Interest Rate 399% APR Representative[2]  £12 late fee per missed payment Quick approval Instant funds Pound to pocket highlights 1 1st Stop Instalment Loans Limited company offer unsecure loans up to  £1000 for terms sometime weeks or from 3 to 12 months. Highlights 173.49% Fixed Annual Interest Rate 361.3% APR Representative  £12.00 Missed Payment fee Easy access Credit union Credit Union provides its own members with competitive loans rate for long term, and shorter term as well, the long term may go up for 5 years, and loans up to  £10,000 with no hidden fee. However, few requirement has to be met. In case you are in a situation which you think you may need to get a loan from a payday loan company, make certain you have looked at the comparison and the review between payday loans and loans provided by credit union, so you can to make sure that youve considered all options. The table below will show how payday loans are in comparison to credit union loans There are a number of key differences between the payday loans and credit union loans for example first thing you would notice here that the APR [3] rate is extremely high with the payday loan in comparison to credit union, which means you would have to pay the percentage rate amount over the loan period as well the original loan, and that’s sometime could be double or triple the original amount you barrowed, another thing for example in the table above with pound to pocket payday loan, the original amount of the loan is  £1000 and the annual percentage rate is very high 172% more than double and you end up paying  £2151 , moreover if you miss any payment they would charge you even more, as the penalty fees applied for the missing payment and that is more likely to cause additional financial difficulty for the troubled borrower, turning to credit union loans the APR fairly low Compared to payday loans, in addition the credit union often give lower APR loan if you are a mem ber with saving account. As the above table shows that  £1000 loan with commsave for 12 months period will cost  £151.04 and that’s small amount in comparison even to credit card charge or other financial provider. Nevertheless the term APR Representative in payday loan are shocking for example with pound to pocket payday loan the APR representative is 399% means the loan will be around 4,000 if you couldn’t pay the original loan for a year. As for Alex I believe it would be reasonable for him if he stay away from payday loans, as sometime they are can be fascinatingby first glance, as they are promoting on simplicity and instance funds. however the higher APR usually ending up with more debit particularly if the loan for long term, on the other hand if Alex want to borrow money to take his girlfriend to Paris he could get the money from credit union, with their low APR it would make more since, beside the credit union got more support towards the member and that would definitely benefit Alex with financial guidance, another alternative can be if Alex borrow the money from a friend or a family member this way he can avoid the interest on the loan completely and save even more. Furthermore a trip to Paris would cost more than  £1000 that means Alex is likely to be trapped in a cycle of debt if he moved to payday loans, and with the living cost for his home plus the rent, So I don’t think he would be able to cover the payday loan monthly charge, again it’s wise to stay away from any payday loan company especially with Alex financial situations. Key features Speaking about credit union and the financial products, clearly they provide an exceptional advantages for the members, even more favourably than banks, and to compare which credit union best we have to compare their products and the advantage and the services. First for the saving account for each credit union in the above table they all provides saving account, with no differences, now moving to the dividend rate the deference here is much wider, hence penny post credit union have the highest dividend rate means it pay more for the member with difference 1.5% than commsave, surly it’s a big difference here, furthermore penny post credit union is more than six times higher than Cardiff and Vale credit union that only just 0.75 which is negligible relating to others, additionally in term of methods of paying in money, it’s almost similar apart from Cardiff and Vale credit union with the membership card, but that doesn’t really make any difference. For the maximum amount the member can deposit, again Penny Post Credit Union with no maximum deposit would be the best choice for Alex. That’s being said the it’s clear that the best choice for Alex is Penny Post Credit Union as he can join easily because he’s already a member with royal mail group, plus the saving account he will get with penny post is much higher, nevertheless there is more for Alex circumstances to consider such as the loan he want to have and the fact he’s trying to save enough money to get married, as with penny post he can benefit with their saving account or maybe use their ISA saving account with no tax, and in the same time he could get his loan with low APR rate . References 1st Class Credit Union, 2012. About Us. [Online] Available at: http://www.1stclasscu.co.uk/content.asp?section=1 [Accessed 9th March 2014]. abcul, 2013. Facts and Statistics. [Online] Available at: http://www.abcul.org/media-and-research/facts-statistics [Accessed 9th March 2014]. Cardiff Vale Credit Union, 2014. about us. [Online] Available at: https://www.cardiffcu.com/index.php [Accessed 9th March 2014]. commsave, 2014. [Online] Available at: https://ssl.commsave.co.uk/about/history [Accessed 8th March 2014]. findyourcreditunion, 2014. find your credit union. [Online] Available at: http://www.findyourcreditunion.co.uk/home [Accessed 9th March 2014]. Helen, S., 2014. Credit Unions. [Online] Available at: http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/banking/credit-unions [Accessed 6th March 2014]. Lewis, M., 2014. Cheap Payday Loans UK. [Online] Available at: http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/loans/payday-loans [Accessed 9th March 2014]. moneyfacts, 2012. guides. [Online] Available at: http://moneyfacts.co.uk/guides/savings/what-are-credit-unions220212/ [Accessed 8th March 2014]. Penny Post Credit Union, n.d. News. [Online] Available at: http://www.pennypostcu.com/content.asp?contenttype=News [Accessed 9th March 2014]. Welsh Government, 2013. Credit unions. [Online] Available at: http://wales.gov.uk/topics/people-and-communities/regeneration/debt/affordcredit/?lang=en [Accessed 9th March 2014]. World Council of Credit Unions, 2012. Statistical Report. [Online] Available at: http://www.woccu.org/documents/2012_Statistical_Report [Accessed 5th March 2014]. [1] Simply just two withdrawals per year allowed with this particular account and it does provide a 1% more dividend when compared with Regular Savings Account. [2] APR representative implies 51% of successful applicants are given the stated interest rates, however, the remain 49% may have totally different rate [3] Annual Percentage Rate [4] By July 2013 membership was over 6000. [i] UK tax-free savings account [ii] Dividend rate is how much money the dividend is over the coming year.

Physics and the Speed of Sound :: physics sound

The Speed of "Sound": is actually the speed of transmission of a small disturbance through a medium. The speed of sound (a) is equal to the square root of the ratio of specific heats (g) times the gas constant (R) times the absolute temperature (T). a = sqrt [g * R * T] Sonic Boom Sound generated by airflow has been around and reasearched for a long time. The increased use of fluid machines and engines has led to an increasing level of noise generation, and hence to an increasing interest in this area of research. A sonic boom is a loud noise caused by an aircraft travelling faster than the speed of sound which is mach one.. The sound propagates along the figure which is called the mach cone. The boom is due to a combination of volume and lift. While the boom due to volume can be virtually eliminated (Busemann, 1935), the boom due to lift can only be minimized. The minimum sonic boom generally does not correspond to the best aircraft. There is among others: sonic boom minimization at given drag; minimization at given volume, etc. (Seebass, 1998). Because the shock energy is nearly conserved as the shock radiates, its strength decays only slightly with the distance from the aircraft. Minimization is not straightforward, because it is constrained by structural, aerodynamic and design parameters, and not least by the variation of the thermo-dynamic properties of the atmosphere. The Speed of Sound, source: Air & Space/Smithsonian. The speed of sound varies with temperature. At sea level Mach 1 is around 742 mph. It decreases with altitude until it reaches about 661 mph at 36,000 feet, then remains at that speed in a band of steady temperature up to 60,000 feet. Because of the variation, it is possible for an airplane flying supersonic at high altitude to be slower than a subsonic flight at sea level.

The Lizard King Essay -- Jim Morrison Music Essays

The Lizard King Some may see The Doors front man and offbeat poet extraordinaire Jim Morrison as the epitome of American culture, while countless others may see him as the complete antithesis. Rising to fame as American involvement in the Vietnam War reached a pinnacle, Morrison’s acclaim grew in a time of great American turmoil. The war in Vietnam was held as an issue of high controversy amongst many Americans. Many saw our involvement as utter ludicrousness and did not comprehend the need to send U.S. troops overseas to fight a war they had nothing to do with. As a result, certain Americans began both directly and indirectly rebelling against the beliefs and norms of the time, and thus, the counterculture movement was born. Jim Morrison became an icon of this rebellious revolution against a confused American government. James Douglas Morrison was born on December 8, 1943 in Melbourne, on Florida’s east coast. He was the eldest child of George Stephen and Clara Clark Morrison whose latter two children were Anne and Andrew respectively. By order of his father, a career Navy man, Jim attended naval academy for his elementary and high school years. He later attended St. Petersburg Junior College and Florida State University before finally graduating from UCLA in 1965 as a film major with a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree. The symbol that was Jim Morrison had been bred completely by the society that he grew up in. Fueled by an era of governmental protest and an emerging counterculture movement, Jim Morrison lashed out in his own way against the injustice he saw in America. The entire concept of being able to speak one’s own mind is a thoroughly American ideal in itself, obviously dating all the way back to the Bill of Rights. H... ...see as wrong. Jim Morrison personifies this ideal. Over the years since his tragic death, Morrison has become somewhat of an American Legend, a myth. His tale seems to exist amongst those of other American legends like Davy Crockett, Johnny Appleseed, and Paul Bunyan. The Jim Morrison story, however, is as real as they come. Many Americans of today look to him as a symbol of rebellion and as a constant reminder that we as a nation and as individuals are free to follow and shape our own destiny. Molded by a culture that often questions authority, Morrison left behind him a legacy of maintaining that ideal. Jim Morrison was and always will be a true American. WORKS CITED Lang, Joe (2001). JimMorrisonBiography. "http://www.hotshotdigital.com/ WellAlwaysRemember/JimMorrisonBio.html" Mr. Mojo Risin’ – Jim Morrison. (2000) "http://www.mojorisin.net/jima1.html"

Sears Holdings Corp. (SHLD) SWOT Analysis, Porter’s Five Forces Analysi

Our recommendation is to take Sears Holdings Corp. (SHLD) private through a private equity buyout. After doing so, we recommend implementing a centralized management structure and recruiting retail-savvy executives for the upper management team. We then recommend focusing on increasing value by capitalizing on SHLD’s real estate holdings through leasing agreements and increasing partnerships with complementary enterprises. Also, we recommend improving employee retention rates and retaining exclusive rights to private brands. Finally, we recommend focusing on a long-term strategy to continue to maximize SHLD’s ecommerce platforms. We believe these recommendations will lead to long-term stability through increases in customer base and revenues and decreases in overhead costs. Strengths One of SHLD’s main strengths is its proprietary brands such as Diehard, Kenmore, Craftsman, and Lands’ End because these brands have a great amount of customer loyalty and repeat customers. Another one of our strengths is our vast pool of valuable real estate assets. These assets enable SHLD to generate continuous revenue through leasing agreements and a safety net in a liquidity crunch. Additionally, â€Å"mygofer† and â€Å"Shop Your Way† programs account for more than 60% of revenues for Sears and Kmart stores. These loyalty programs have created a strong and loyal member base who provide repeat business for SHLD. Lastly, Sears Holdings’ has been around for over a hundred years and thus has an established brand name within the discount retail sector. Weaknesses One of SHLD’s weaknesses is an upper management team who lacks knowledge of the retail sector and fails to communicate effectively across business units. A second weakness is the de... ...uch Does It Cost Companies to Lose Employees?" CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 21 Nov. 2012. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. McSherry, Mark. "70 Billion Reasons For A Public Company To Go Private." Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 16 Aug. 2013. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. Santoli, Michael. "Sears Grows on the Web – but Can It Shrink Fast Enough Offline?" Yahoo Finance. Yahoo!, 22 Aug. 2013. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. "Sears Selling Craftsman at Costco, Will Kenmore Soon Follow?" Sears Selling Craftsman at Costco, Will Kenmore Soon Follow? Consumer Reports, 15 Sept. 2011. Web. 23 Oct. 2013 Tekippe, Abraham. "How Kraft, McDonald's, Sears Are Doing Social Media Right." Crain's Chicago Business. Crain, 2 Jan. 2012. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. Young, Chris. "Employee Retention Strategies Drive Revenue Growth at Sears." Employee Retention Strategies Drive Revenue Growth at Sears. Street Directory, n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2013.

Investigating Financial Control Essay

Task one The three different types of costs are fixed cost, variable cost and total cost. For all of the diverse types of costs there are also dissimilar calculations to work out each type of revenue. Fixed cost does not change no matter how much they produce, even if the business produces 1 or 1,000,000,000 it will always stay the same. Examples of fixed costs are rent, salaries, rates and loan payments. Variable cost change with the level of production. In order to work out the total variable cost you have to times together the quantity and the variable cost. Also, to determine the total cost you have to add the fixed cost and the variable cost. The meaning of Start up cost is the money you need to start up the business. Running cost always varies because of the level of stock changes and you have to pay for workers. In the case of Kiren and Zaiba, salaries are used as a fixed cost because they don’t change with the level of output. Heating and lighting are used as a variable cost because the variable cost change with the level of production. The sum: Fixed cost + variable cost = total cost which is 6,000 in the scenario. The definitions for the following words are: Profit What is left when all costs incurred in making and selling a product are deducted from the revenue gained from that sale. It acts as the reward to the entrepreneur, usually the owner of the business, who has provided the capital. It is usually the net profit after tax which represents the surplus for the owners of the business and is paid as a dividend to shareholders. Profit maximization is seen as one of the major objectives of a business, although it is more likely to be an objective for the investors in a business, than for its managers or employees. It might be for those groups that profit acts as a constraint, while higher sales orhigher wages and salaries are more important objectives Net profit: This is the amount of sales revenue that a business earns less all the costs involved in achieving that revenue, including both direct costs and expenses. The net profit figure represents the figure for profit before taxation or a dividend are further deducted, and shows how successful a business has been in generating profits from its trading activities. Gross profit The figure obtained on the profit and loss account when the cost of goods sold is deducted from the sales revenue of a business, but it does not take into account any of the expenses of running a business such as wages, distribution costs or administration costs. Fixed cost Variable cost Total cost Rent  £800 Heating and lighting  £200 Salaries  £1400 Advertising  £50 Insurance  £210 Administration  £50 Rates  £150 400 CD’s  £2800 Loan repayments  £290 Telephone  £50  £2850  £3150  £6000 Task 2 Kiran & Zaiba analysis: In task two I used excel to work out the break even point, at diverse costs. The fixed costs were the same because I only have done break even for one month. The quantity is going up in one hundreds. I calculated the variable cost by multiplying the quantity by 6 which came out to be going up in six hundreds. I calculated the total cost by adding the fixed cost by the variable cost; in this case it was increasing by six hundred. To calculate the sales revenue, I had to multiple the quantities by 12, which was increasing by 1200. To calculate profit or loss, I subtract sales revenue from total cost. According to the information on my table Kiran & zaiba have to sell 1000 CD’s to break even. Break even is when the cost is 6000 and the quantity is 6. In the following table I have changed the fixed cost to 6950 because the following values increased: the rate increased to  £300 also, the telephone increased to  £100, advertising to  £125 and the lighting and heating increased to  £425. Using the contributing method I will calculate the following data to achieve how much CD’s will be needed to break even. In order to do this I will have to use the following equation 6950 divided by 6. The sum equals 1158. So they will have to sell 1158 to break even. This means that they will have to increase sales. Advantages of break even analysis Disadvantages of break even analysis Break even can be used to predict profit It price suddenly changed it wouldn’t take it in Break even can be used to determine financial needs For example, If petrol prices go up the break even will not show the increase. Keep track of profits and losses. It is a forecast which means that the data is predicted. Gives you ideas for selling prices (if you made a lot of money at that period of time). It helps to calculate profits Helps to make decisions on prices I think that break even is very useful because: It assists you to figure out your profit Helps you by giving you assumptions of prices It is extremely significant in that if you are taking into consideration to applying for a loan. Gives you a clear impression of prices TASK 3 Analysis for cash flow forecast I will now construct the cash flow forecast I have now prepared an annual cash flow forecast using monthly data I have also included the loan in January. The table looks like this for a regular cash flow forecast: image00.png The sales become irregular due to an immense amplify in downloading and sharing music. The irregular cash flow forecast should look like this: image01.png Cash flow forecast is extremely significant and has many uses. For example, it helps the bank manager to keep up to date; it helps managers to plan ahead and it also determines if there is a problem with the cash flow by resolving the difficulty. Regular cash flow shows: That there is not a problem with the cash flow because the opening bank balance is always increasing, so the profit is rising. The main objective for a cash flow forecast is to see whether there is a profit or loss. Currently, I have identified that with the regular cash flow there is not a problem because all the numbers are increasing, meaning that a profit has been achieved. Irregular cash flow forecast shows that: The opening bank balance starts with zero; it then rises immensely in February to 11300. Then it starts to decrease steeply all the way to December, leaving the opening bank balance drawn to a close with -37470. This is bad for the business because now they are not making a profit The total cash inflows, starts of with 18000 in January. Then it starts to reduce in each and every month, until it comes to December where it increases to 2700 from November. This is consequently leading them to a loss. The total cash outflows contrast from low to high in that, in January it is 6700 and then increases enormously to 9500 in December. The Implication of the problem is that there is an increase in people who tend to download and share music. This will inevitably affect their sales. This will also consequently make Kiran and Zaiba fall to lose a profit. Because of this problem Kiran and Zaiba are making a loss of  £43,920. The implication to the problem is that, In order to reject the lost, I recommend that The other way around this is to increase the number of quantities, in order to sell more and increase profit. Or, lower maintenance costs and launching a download website so you can attract costumers worldwide. Task 4 The documents which Kiran and Zaiba will need to sequence sales and purchasing from order to receipt of goods are: Issues by the purchaserIssued by the seller Delivery note- accompanies the goods. Is signed by purchaser as proof of delivery. Sales invoice- gives full details of goods, prices, discounts, VAT Credit note- issued if goods are returned or to adjust any over- charges on the invoice. Statement of account- summarises all transactions and states balance owning. Remittance advice – summarises the account for return with cheque payment Cash receipt- issued to confirm cash payment has been received Purchase order- lists items required and price for each. Goods received note- lists items received. Purchaser tells seller if any shortages or damage Cheque or electronic transfer- to pay balance on statement I am now going to describe the manual and electronic ways of recording financial transaction that Kiran and Zaiba could use: Predominantly, most Kiran and Zaiba’s transactions are mostly recorded electronically because they are developed either by an electronic cash register or by computer. The advantage of recording transaction for Kiran and Zaiba indicate that any linked documents are printed mechanically. Kiran and Zaiba may want to take the alternative route by considering keeping manual records which are then kept by businesses that would not find it valuable to buy a cash register or use a computer system. Even people who receive payments in a customer’s home- such as service engineers- are now more likely to record the transaction on a laptop than carry a receipt book with them. Kiran and Zaiba want and need to prevent fraud because they are a minute business. To terminate these frauds they will have to have: A thoughtful staff selection which are trustworthy to procedure which includes character references. A â€Å"whistle- blowing† scheme where workers are compensated for reporting fraud. The system should guarantee that information is treated confidentially. An unambiguous policy on dealing with fraud. Scam is usually considered to be â€Å"gross misconduct† (which means disgusting bad behaviour) for which workers can be fired instantaneously as part of the disciplinary procedure. Task 5 The strengths of a cash flow forecast are that: It helps the bank manger to keep up to date It records how much money you have It gives you ideas to plan ahead Demonstrates how much money you have at the present time The forecasts of sales and cash flow, and hence crucial abundance of profit, will be vital on which the prospective bankers will assess the upcoming feasibility of the business. It follows that these forecasts will come under crucial inspection and significant judgement. The importance of cash inflows is so you distinguish how much value of money is going towards the inside of a businesses bank account at a particular time. An example for this could be: the income Kiran and Zaiba make for selling CD’s. The strengths of break even are: It helps you see where you have an increase or decrease in your profit. Keeps you informed Break even engrosses discovering what would occur if there were changes to cost of revenues. The types of questions the boss would ask are: Is it possible for Kiran and Zaiba to increase sales by 5% and still make a profit even if sales fall? If by reducing sales by 10% will this effect Kiran and Zaiba? Say if Kiran and Zaiba shift of to an inexpensive property, how would this affect our profits? There is many different ways in which, to record this information. For instance, Manual recording principally used by businesses that, tend not sense that it is advisable to buy a cash register or computer. (For example, If Kiran and Zaiba don’t sell as much CD’s then, they may find it simpler to record these manually). Also, there is an alternative route which is, to record by electronically, which means that associated documents are printed mechanically. This could be beneficial if Kiran and Zaiba are selling lots of CD’s. Cash flow indicates the amount of money received and spent over time. This is significant in that, you will then be aware of how much income is in the bank. If Kiran and Zaiba have an enormous demand they can amplify there sales because there are not adequate CD’s. They could charge more which is better for the business because they are making more profit. But if there is too much CD’s then they could reduce prices to sell more, thus allowing them to make profits. Just to add, the main objective for any business is to make a profit. So, Kiran and Zaiba will want to do so. To do this, Kiran and Zaiba may want to take this into consideration that they may want to reduce their sales in order to sell more and to attract more costumers.

Earth Science Essay

Stars are one of the celestial bodies found in the solar system. Such celestial object produces heat, light, and different forms of radiations such as x-rays and ultraviolet rays caused by its cosmic energy engines. All stars are made up of gas, plasma, and matters comprised of subatomic particles that are extremely heated. From the earth, it may appear that stars are near because of their radiance shining over. However, stars are very far away that most of the scientists have to develop methods in order to calculate their distance. Two of the most notable methods are the parallax technique and the use of Cepheid variable (National Geographic, 2008). The parallax technique is used in order to identify the distance of the stars that are closest to the earth. Due to the revolution of the earth to the sun, the stars that are near to the earth shifts position against the stars that are in farther positions. These changes in the position of the nearby stars are known as the parallax shift. The parallax method functions by observing the distance of the shifting process and determining the earth’s orbit diameter. From there, astronomers are able to determine the parallax angle of the star’s distance. The main principle behind the method is that â€Å"the smaller the parallax shift, the farther away the star is from the earth† (Windows to the Universe Team, 2000, n. p. ). Such method is only applicable for stars that are within the range of few hundred light years from earth. Thus, when stars exceed the given range, the parallax shift could be too small to be measured through this technique (Windows to the Universe Team, 2000). For the countless distant stars that are in the range beyond 100 light years and are in clusters found in a different galaxy, the measurement is identified through the star’s property known as Cepheid variable. Stars that have this property undergo a fixed cycle where they get brighter and dimmer. This property is common among stars that are in â€Å"old age† (Berger, 2002, n. p. ). Because of their abundance in space, astronomers measure their distance by determining the number of cycle when stars are bright (Berger, 2002). There are many ways to measure the distance of the stars. It may be obtained from the stars spectral properties, temperature, brightness, and luminosity. Because of the major efforts in improving the measurements of the distances of the stars, various ways are also formulated in order to determine the cosmic distance of other celestial bodies present in the sky. References Berger, W. H. (2002). Measuring distance to the stars. In Intro to Astronomy: Discussion of the Field of Astronomy, University of California, San Diego. Retrieved September 17, 2008 from http://earthguide. ucsd. edu/virtualmuseum/ita/06_3. shtml. National Geographic. (2008). Stars. Retrieved September 17, 2008 from http://science. nationalgeographic. com/science/space/universe/stars-article. html Windows to the Universe Team. (2000, September). How do astronomers measure the distance to stars? Is it accurate? University Corporation For Atmospheric Research. Retrieved September 17, 2008 from http://www. windows. ucar. edu/tour/link=/kids_space/star_dist. html.

Promoting Public Health Health And Social Care Essay

This written principle will place and explicate the necessity for the publicity of public wellness and physical activity. It will show an apprehension of the function, map and scenes of public wellness and physical activity publicity by national, regional and local bureaus. It will besides analyze and measure the wellness related theoretical accounts and attacks to public wellness and physical activity publicity.What is Health?There are many definitions for Health. Health means different things to different people, if person does n't imbibe and smoke so they believe that they are healthy, or if they eat a good balanced diet for illustration. The chief most know definition of wellness is from the World Health Organization. World Health Organisation provinces: ‘Health is a province of complete physical, mental, and societal well being, and non simply the absence of disease or frailty. Health is a dynamic status ensuing from a organic structure ‘s changeless accommodation and version in response to emphasiss and alterations in the environment for keeping an interior equilibrium called homeostasis. ‘ World Health Organisation ( 2003 ) This definition nevertheless has non been amended since 1948.What is Health Promotion?Health publicity involves activities to better single and community ‘s wellness and prevent disease. Health publicity activities offer solutions to many of the wellness jobs confronting society through developing accomplishments and cognition, community action, supportive environments, healthy public policy and reorienting wellness services. Health publicity works towards enabling people to increase control over, and better their wellness. With a important proportion of ill-health related to picks about nutrition, exercising, the usage of legal and illegal substances, interpersonal relationships and other societal behaviors, wellness publicity can assist us do picks that support wellbeing. The characteristics of wellness publicity are that it is based on a holistic position of wellness ; it uses participatory attacks it focuses on turn toing the determiners of wellness, non merely wellness jobs. These include the societal, behavioral, economic and environmental conditions that are the root cause of wellness and unwellness such as income, societal position, instruction, employment and working conditions, it builds on bing strengths and assets and it uses multiple, complementary schemes to advance wellness at the person ( downstream ) , community and population ( upstream ) degree.Why is wellness publicity needed?There are frights that the recent coevals and their kids ‘s coevals will age less successfully than the current older one – no surprise given that, although rates of coffin nail smoke are falling, more people are imbibing to a great extent, merely a minority of grownups exercise frequently plenty to keep good wellness and fleshiness rates have great ly increased over the last 20 old ages. Fleshiness is a chief wellness issue which can take to other wellness jobs such as diabetes, high cholesterin, high blood pressure, joint hurting, Nursing Times ( 2009 ) states that ‘these wellness issues can be prevented or delayed by lifestyle steps. A wellness publicity bundle would enable grownups of all ages to take happier and healthier lives. ‘ Around two-thirds of the England population are overweight or corpulent. Fleshiness has grown by about 400 % in the last 25 old ages and on present tendencies will shortly excel smoke as the greatest cause of premature loss of life. ( NHS Dudley, 2012 ) Fleshiness is associated with many wellness jobs including coronary bosom disease, diabetes, kidney failure, degenerative arthritis, back hurting and psychological harm. The strong association between fleshiness and malignant neoplastic disease has merely late come to visible radiation. ( Dodds, 2009 ) Dodds ( 2009 ) estimates the economic costs of fleshiness cautiously at & A ; lb ; 3.3-3.7 billion per twelvemonth and of fleshiness plus corpulence at & A ; lb ; 6.6-7.4 billion. Health publicity for fleshiness is particularly of import because it can assist take down the hazards of many other wellness conditions which so cuts down the economic costs in the hereafter by educating people on the right nutrient and exercising and besides behaviour alteration techniques.Why do we necessitate to Promote Mental Health?Mental wellness publicity does stay the most developing country of wellness publicity even though there is an increasing acknowledgment that ‘there is no wellness without mental wellness ‘ Christodoul ( 2009 ) . Positive mental wellness involves self-prides, being able to work out jobs and the ability to accommodate to emphasize. The demand for positive mental wellness publicity is good and relevent for everyone. Its of import to emphasize to policy shapers and professionals to understand that mental wellness and mental well-being are issues of mundane life. Therefore positive mental wellness demands the coordinated action by all concerned ; through the media, the authorities, local governments, the industry, voluntary administration and through wellness and societal and economic sectors. Most of the clip when people think of mental wellness they look at it in a negative manner, nevertheless this is non the instance. ‘Mental wellness is non merely the absence of mental unwellness. It is defined as a province of wellbeing in which every person realises his or her ain potency, can get by with the normal emphasiss of life, can work fruitfully and productively, and is able to do a part to his or her community. ‘ ( Mental Health Ireland 2013 ) Mental Health is about how people feel about themselves, how they feel about others and how they are able to run into the demands of life. Mental wellness publicity is of import because me mental wellness contributes to all facets of human life, it has of import, less of import and indispensable values for the person, society and civilization. Mental wellness has a shared relationship with the well-being and productiveness of a society and its members. Mental wellness is indispensable for the well-being and operation of all persons. Mental wellness is indispensable for the wellbeing and operation of persons. Good mental wellness is an of import resource for persons, households, communities, and states. Mental wellness, as an indivisible portion of general wellness, contributes to the maps of society, and has an consequence on overall productiveness. Mental wellness concerns everyone as it is generated in our mundane lives in places, schools, workplaces, and in leisure activities. Positive mental wellness contributes to the societal, human, and economic capital of every society. Spiritualty it can do a important part to mental wellness publicity and mental wellness influences religious life. ( World Health Organization, p.21 2004 ) Mental wellness can be regarded as an single resource, which contributes to person ‘s quality of life ; an facet of good mental wellness is the capacity for reciprocally fulfilling and digesting relationships. There is turning grounds that societal coherence is critical for the economic prospering of communities and this relationship appears to be mutual.The function of Health PromotionBehavioral Alterationsin Health PromotionDecision

Latino Conflict Management

It cannot be argued that the Latinos/Hispanics are now making their presence felt in most facets of American society more specifically in the urban communities and the workplace. This group of people is of Latin American descent with inherent unique ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Due to this difference it is possible that conflicts may arise in their interaction with Americans and other races. In resolving conflicts with Latinos/Hispanics it is important to at first understand situations or behaviors that easily lead to conflicts with them and to know their attitude or personal concept regarding conflicts. In this way effective approaches or strategies   Ã‚  Ã‚  for the resolution of conflict may be undertaken. According to Gabrielidis and et al, â€Å"Some of the most severe problems in intercultural relations arise as a consequence of interpersonal conflicts† (1197, p. 661). The greatest difference in the attitudes between the Latinos/Hispanics with the Americans is that Latinos are   a people who give prime importance to family relationships before other   goals or ideas , obligation to in-groups( family, relatives or people of the same race or cultural and ethnic background)   and the surrendering of   personal interests and needs in favor for the   good of the group or community while the Americans ,on the other hand, adopted a culture of   individualism in which the interests, activities and goals of the individual are top priority. I do not infer here that the Americans do not value family relationships or disregard the interest of others but that it seems that the Latinos placed these issues in higher degree. In the Latino context the innate goodness or uniqueness of a person sometimes do not show itself in their actions or achievements so they emphasized the respect and protection of dignity of a person irregardless of social class while the Americans on the other hand believed that a person can be judged by his actions and achievements. Also while both groups had similar definitions of close friendship, Americans emphasized freedom in the expression of their ideas in the company of a friend and may incline give up the friendship if it stands in the way of   self-expression and the attainment of personal goals while the Latinos emphasized support and expression of feelings and make necessary adjustments in goals to keep the friendship. Understanding this difference will help me put the conflict in proper perspective. Through this I can analyze whether the source of conflict was that if I made a Latino feel that his family or race was unimportant or that I perceived him as a person of lower dignity or status when I attempted to judged him base on what he had accomplished in life or that I made him feel as if it was his fault that he had a low economic status.. Based on what I had researched and observed the Latinos mostly wants to connect with people and as much as possible maintain harmonious relationships with others. In most cases they tend to avoid conflict to the extent that they are non-confrontational. They worry more on â€Å"saving the face â€Å"of family and others so that most of the times they do not say directly what they mean, as a respeto (a Spanish term which means respect to the dignity of the person).This   attitude is very opposite to the frankness of   Americans   in their interaction with others. An example is this, instead of saying that the clothes I wore do not look good on me  Ã‚   they will say that my clothes was not exactly nice but that I still look good wearing it. In resolving conflicts with them it is necessary to adopt this kind of indirect communication or else I may aggravate the situation. For example when I differ with opinions with the Latinos and he seemed to insist that he is right, instead of saying that â€Å"I was not happy at all with his attitude† I may say instead that â€Å"I understand why he acted the way he did and that he meant well but that it is better to listen also to the opinion of others†. In the positive aspect, the idea that Latinos wants to maintain harmonious relationships with others means that they are less likely to initiate conflict and may be open for reconciliation whenever conflict arise. However, it must be remembered that Latino conflict resolution should be appropriate to the setting and must be able to maintain individual pride and honor (Markus & Lin, 1999). Also extra attention must be given to the tone of voice and proper eye contact. In resolving Latino/Hispanic conflicts, there are different styles to be use depending on the ethnic and cultural identity salience of the Latino.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ethnic identity† means that he give more importance to his ethnic origin while â€Å"cultural identity†   means â€Å" that he give more importance to the larger culture in whom he is   interacting with which in this   case is   the American culture.   Those with strong American cultural identity prefers integrating (high concern for self and high concern for other; also called â€Å"collaborating†) and   compromising (moderate concern for self and moderate concern for other)   and uses emotionally expressive styles more   Ã‚  as compared to those   with weak cultural identity. Also those with a strong ethnic identity use integrating and accommodating (low concern for self and high concern for other; also called â€Å"obliging) more and third party less than those with weak ethnic identity in conflict styles (Cai & Fink, 2002).   Latinos, on the other hand, with weak cultural identity used avoiding (low concern for self and low concern for other; also called â€Å"withdrawing†) more than other ethnic groups   irregardless of cultural orientation   perhaps due to the Latino value of respeto and wanting to maintain respect, dignity and harmony   in social situations (Ting-Toomey et al., 2000). Armed with all this knowledge, I am hoping that I will be better equip in handling Latino conflict in the future. REFERENCE Cai, D.A., & Fink, E.L. (2002) Gabrielidis, C., Stephan, W.G., Ybarra, O., Dos Santos Pearson, V.M., & Villareal, L. (1997). Preferred styles of conflict resolution: Mexico and the United States. Journal of Cross- Cultural Psychology,28, 661. Markus, H.R., & Lin, L.R. (1999). Conflict ways: Cultural Diversity in the Meanings and Practicesof Conflict. In D.A. Prentice & D.T. Miller (Eds.), Cultural divides: Understanding and overcoming group conflict (pp. 302-333). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. Ting-Toomey, S., Yee-Jung, K.K., Shapiro, R.B., Garcia, W., Wright, T.J., & Oetzel, J.G. (2000) Ethnic/cultural identity salience and conflict styles in four U.S. ethnic groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 24, 47-81.