The Political Investment Environment of India Essay Example

The Political Investment Environment of India Essay Example The Political Investment Environment of India Paper The Political Investment Environment of India Paper Like the situation in China, it is important and critical for investors to know local lattice environment and government relations if planning to run business locally in India, since government has large rights over a lot of affairs. After doing some research, I find that there are supports as well as some obstacles placed from political environment. According to Embassy of the Peoples Republic of China in India, before 1991 , India government was cautious of opening domestic market to foreign investors. Introduction of foreign investment industries were mostly considered to be advanced technology or which can ensure product export. However, India government changed the attitude that they cancelled some limitations to FAD (foreign direct investment) and established Foreign Investment Promotion Board and Cabinet Committee to encourage FAD, expanding the entry scope of FAD and relaxing equity holding limits. Indian government encourages foreign capital to flow to the new and high technology industries, especially software industry. Thus there are preferential policies on investment in software industry, such as exempting taxes of import and export software, exempting income tax in 10 years, setting standard international intellectual property rights to protect reign investors. What more, as stated in the agreement on Trade- Related Investment Measures (TRIMS), Indian government reduced and eliminated discrimination of foreign investment, adjusting the policies of FAD in India to be as equal as domestic business, such as reducing tax rate and permitting FAD to practice all the preferential policies in high-tech commercial zones. In certain industries, India even practices policies that are advantageous to foreign companies. For example, Indian government required that new private investors who wanted to enter telecoms service industry needed to cooperate with foreign investors, giving chances for foreign investors to break into Indian market. On the other hand, theres some disadvantages of investing in India. Firstly, in terms Of government system, according to the website ABUTTING, Indian government mainly practices federal system of government, which consists of central government and state governments and is a multi-party system of government. The general parties are state-level parties before they are registered by the Electoral Commission (CE) to become nation-level parties, which may participate in different nationwide elections. Besides, other political organizations, commissions and Nooks play major parts in Indians politics. This little bit complex political system places obstacles for foreigners who are not familiar with local political environment. Investors need to figure out the relations between different political parties and their rights over different affairs. Then it would be easier to run business locally and more possible to succeed. Besides, it is said on ABOUT INDIA that political turmoil happens when a minority government is formed. This may affect export- oriented companies and investors who invest in these kinds of companies, nice new parties draw up and implement different policies that directly impact business environment. Moreover, like other developing country, corruption in India is severe. It is stated on Remuneration International, an international market research and business strategy provider, that corruption in India seriously impacts its business and political environment. According to Transparency Internationally Corruption Perceptions Index for Selected Countries in 201 0, India ranked 87th place out of 180 countries. The image of Indian government reduces investors confidence of investing in India. Theres supporting policies from Indian government as well as obstacles.

How to Write a Cover Letter That Gets You Noticed

How to Write a Cover Letter That Gets You Noticed The best resume in the world may not do you any good if you’re missing one critical element: a cover letter. But not just any cover letter will do. As the first impression you’ll make with an employer in today’s extremely competitive job market, an effective cover letter becomes a critical selling point. Here’s what you need to know to write a cover letter than not only gets noticed, but earns a spot atop the pile. More Than a FormalityMany job applicants think of cover letters as obligatory fluff: a meaningless, archaic precursor to the resume. This couldn’t be further from the truth. When crafting your cover letter, think of it not as a necessary evil, but as an opportunity to enhance your resume and engage its readers.Your cover letter sets the tone for everything that follows in the relationship between applicant and potential employer. The underlying theme of the most successful cover letters answers the question, â€Å"Why am I the right cand idate for this job?†Practice Your Matchmaking SkillsSo now you understand why you’re writing a cover letter, but what should it include? The answer is simple: that depends on the job. While a resume may be designed to show off your experience at large, a cover letter has a different intent: to make the case for why a company should hire you.Creating a standard cover letter with a broad overview of your qualifications misses the point. The trick is to match the skills set forth in the job description with your own background and talents. Take a minute to identify specific experiences and achievements which demonstrate how you fulfill the job requirements. These are the bread and butter of your cover letter.Remember, the job application process is ultimately a matchmaking game between you and prospective companies. The best way to make a match? Do your research to gain a better understanding of each company’s needs, goals and values. Today’s retention-minded companies aren’t just looking for candidates who fit the job, but also who fit the overall corporate culture.Doing your research also means getting all of the seemingly small things right - from the title of the position to the contact person’s name and title. This demonstrates both initiative and attention to detail.Beyond KeywordsKeywords matter, but only to a degree. Why? Because anyone can throw words onto a piece of paper.What really matters is using these words to showcase why you’re the right candidate for the position. Include keywords and key phrases, but be sure to link them to your experience and offerings in a meaningful way.While your temptation may be to pack your cover letter with words and phrases lifted directly from the job description, practice restraint. After all, hiring managers see hundreds and thousands of resumes every year and can easily distinguish the generic from the great.Also, keep in mind that your cover letter isn’t mean t to tell the whole story. Rather, it serves as an important introduction to what follows. Include only what truly matters, avoid bragging about unrelated abilities, and keep it to a concise one page. The best cover letters are not so much about showcasing a candidate’s accomplishments, but about identifying a company’s particular need and demonstrating your potential to fill it.In an era in which 13 percent of recent college grads are unemployed, and 44 percent are â€Å"underemployed† - meaning they are overqualified for the jobs they accept - making a standout impression with employers can mean the difference between getting the job of your dreams and ending up as a troubling statistic. While a smart and comprehensive resume is a vital part of landing a job, a well-crafted cover letter is an equally valuable part of the equation.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 72

Marketing - Essay Example With the sun extremely harsh in New Zealand, information on safety is imperative. The researcher can access this information from libraries and databases in universities, colleges, and technical institutions. As much as the secondary data will help the researcher to know much about the New Zealand environment, primary data is crucial in the study. The wristband is a newly invented product through the innovation of the people hence primary data will boost the research objectives. The researcher will be interested in getting firsthand information from the people hence surveys and self-administered interviews will be used widely. Through the surveys and interviews, the researcher will aim at understanding the attitude and feelings of the people towards the wristband. The researcher will also be interested in knowing the reasons that would prompt the people to shun the use of the wristband and why some people would not think of using the wristband in the first place. However, the researcher will be careful with the information in order to ensure it is reliable and valid. Rix (2010) argues that the researcher must work to limit error and possibility of a biased

Communicating Across Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communicating Across Cultures - Essay Example Goodman (2009) defined culture as the concept of shared beliefs and values of people belonging to a specific region. People from different cultures tend to behave and react in different ways; the presence of different origins and perceptions in a single workplace or organization makes the managers learn the skills of dealing with multiculturalism. The multicultural nature of the prevailing workplaces proves to become a major hindrance in communication if the diversity is not managed in an effective manner. Upon the adoption of ineffective strategies and techniques, cultural diversity can have hazardous effects for the productivity of any business, rather than providing benefits. Effective communication is one of the most challenging aspects to achieve in the presence of multiculturalism in the workplace. Following are some of the barriers in communicating across cultures: It has been witnessed that cultures tend to have differing social hierarchies; women are considered to be subordinates to men in some regions of the world. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Workforce Development Board (2002) stated that these kinds of cultures do not appreciate extensive interactions with the opposite gender and expect the women to maintain introvert behavior in the workplace in the presence of men. The men from such cultures also do not prefer working equally with their female coworkers and do not even favor having female managers to monitor their performance. Different cultures follow different types of gestures to convey their meaning; however the same gestures might have contrasting meanings in different regions. Erupting Mind Education (2011) stated that an OK sign signifies something good or fine in US and England, while the same gesture is taken as an insult in France. Similarly, the gesture of thumbs up signifies something good and commendable in US and numerous parts of Europe while it is considered offensive in Asian countries. Eye contact is

Siddhartha Definition Essay Example for Free

Siddhartha Definition Essay Siddhartha, in the awakening, learns that the life of pleasure isn’t always the best life. In fact the life of pleasure can always bring you pain and sometimes more suffering. Siddhartha had to learn that the hard way because he felt disgusted in himself of what he had become. Just as Siddhartha was about to suicide he heard a voice. He heard the ancient holy word â€Å"Om†. Just from that word his whole life changed. Siddhartha also learned that there was more to the world then having pleasure and goods and that that the world was a beautiful piece of work. Siddhartha learned from the river who he really was and that he shouldn’t just give up because of a mistake, Siddhartha learned that he has to learn from it and take his mistake as an experience. The only way to succeed in life is to have experiences and learn from your mistakes. Although Siddhartha learned something from the river, he still needs to learn more and he does as he meets the ferry man. Siddhartha learned to love the river and treat the river with respect. The river saved him from his death and Siddhartha shall be with the river at all times. The river taught him how to become patient again and helped him awaken from his bad period of time. The river was also Siddhartha’s turning point in because Siddhartha was about to give up and just throw away his goal but he realized his mistake and became a new Siddhartha. The river was a similar to a teacher, it taught Siddhartha more and more about the world so much that his knowledge on the world expanded even more. Siddhartha took things more serious because everything the river taught him, he didn’t judge like his old teachers, he listened and trust the river’s knowledge. Siddhartha taught me a lot of new knowledge and wisdom. Although all the chapters taught me something, the one that taught me the most was the awakening. The Awakening taught me that making a mistake is one thing, but learning from it is another thing and that it is the key to success in life. How I learned this is that Siddhartha had to do all those things to reach Nirvana. Siddhartha also taught me that listening and patience can help you in life because if u can’t listen or be patient, then you won’t get anywhere in life. This novel taught me that you can’t learn anything, if you haven’t tried it out. Meaning if you want become good at a game, you have to try it out. Although the life of pleasure is beneficial, it’s not always the best idea because it  can bring you much pain and suffering because once you lose it, you won’t be able to get it back and that you have to learn how to live without it. When Siddhartha was about to give up and die, but learned from his mistake, it inspired me because it taught me that I shouldn’t give up without a fight. Meaning that even if times are worst, I shouldn’t give up without trying because I would never know the result if I did tried. It also inspired me because it means that I should try harder and harder in school and become successful when I grow up. Another chapter that taught me something is â€Å"The Son†. It taught me that I should act like a spoil little brat and shouldn’t disrespect my parents, because my parents have to go through a lot to keep me who I am and how I live today. Siddhartha reminds me of my dad, although he yells and put me down, he does it because he loves me and wants me to become successful. If my dad didn’t do all those things, I would become another Siddhartha Jr. but worst. This novel inspired me to read more and more novels like this, because there are always morals and lessons that are being taught throughout the story. I hope we read more novels like Siddhartha because it keeps me thinking and it keeps motivated to try harder in life and school.

Capital Punishment in the United States Essay -- Death Penalty Row Law

The death penalty is a controversial topic in the United States today and has been for a number of years. The death penalty is currently legal in 38 states and two federal jurisdictions (Winters 97). The death penalty statutes were overturned and then reinstated in the United States during the 1970's due to questions concerning its fairness (Flanders 50). The death penalty began to be reinstated slowly, but the rate of executions has increased during the 1990's (Winters103-107). There are a number of arguments in favor of the death penalty. Many death penalty proponents feel that the death penalty reduces crime because it deters people from committing murder if they know that they will receive the death penalty if they are caught. Others in favor of the death penalty feel that even if it doesn't deter others from committing crimes, it will eliminate repeat offenders. Death penalty opponents feel that the death penalty actually leads to an increase in crime because the death penalty desensitizes people to violence, and it sends the message that violence is a suitable way to resolve conflicts. Death penalty opponents also condemn the death penalty because of the possibility of an innocent person being put to death, and because it can be unfairly applied. Death penalty opponents feel that the death penalty must be abolished because it cheapens the value of human life. The death penalty desensitizes people to murder and violence because, by executing people, the state sends the message that violence is an acceptable means of resolving conflicts (Terrill). The death penalty also reduces the gravity of the loss of human life by making it legal for the state to kill people it deems to be beyond reform (Winters 57). Death penalty oppo... ...es, even though 80% of the population is in favor of it, because of the numerous ethical and practical issues that must be taken into consideration (Winters139-144). Experts on both sides of the argument have numerous statistics and studies to back up their claims and to refute the claims of their opponents. Death penalty supporters hold that the death penalty is a deterrent to crime, and brings justice to killers. However, death penalty opponents maintain that the death penalty does not deter criminals, and desensitizes people to violence. There are no easy answers to the questions surrounding the imposition of the death penalty in the United States. Thus one should pursue this question with an open mind and consider all sides of the argument, because as Thomas Jefferson once said, "difference of opinion leads to inquiry, and inquiry leads to truth" (Winters 11).

Proposed Technique for Sidelobes Suppression

Chapter 4 PROPOSED TECHNIQUE FOR SIDELOBES SUPPRESSION As seen in old chapters, there are many sidelobes suppression techniques proposed but most of these proposed sidelobe suppression techniques are non good balanced between the complexness and public presentation. The available techniques have their ain advantages and disadvantages in footings of design, execution or may impact the other factors which consequences in hapless overall efficiency. So in this thesis work we are suggesting Correlative cryptography as another sidelobes one of the suppression method which can be utilized for cut downing the sidelobes power significantly. Before that, allow us see some basic thought about correlativity cryptography. So far, we have considered the inter symbol intervention as an inauspicious happening which produces a debasement in the system public presentation. Undeniably, its name itself describes a nuisance consequence. However, by adding inter symbol intervention to the familial signal in a controlled or known mode, it is possible to accomplish a spot rate of 2B0spots per second in a channel of bandwidth B0Hz. These techniques are calledcorrelate cryptographyorpartial-responsesignaling techniques. Since, correlate cryptography strategy is based on the sum of ISI introduced into familial signal. So, the sum of ISI in familial signal is known. The consequence of this ISI can be compensated at the receiving system from the known measure of the ISI.Duobinary signalingThe basic thought of correlate cryptography will now be illustrated by sing the specific illustration of duobinary signaling, where â€Å"duo† implies duplicating of the transmittal capacity of a consecutive double star system. See a binary input sequence { BK} dwelling of uncorrelated binary figures each holding continuance TBseconds, with symbol 1 represented by a pulsation of amplitude +1 V, and symbol O by a pulsation of amplitu de -1 V. When this sequence is applied to a duobinary encoder, it is converted into three-level end product, viz. , -2, 0 and +2 Vs. To bring forth this transmutation, we may utilize the strategy shown in figure 4.1. Figure 4.1: Duobinary signaling strategy. The binary sequence { BK} is first passed through a simple filter affecting a individual hold component. For every unit impulse applied to the input of this filter, we get two unit impulse spaced TBseconds apart at the filter end product. We may therefore show the figure degree CelsiusKat duobinary programmer end product as the amount of the present binary figure BKand its old value Bk-1, as shown by CK=bK+bk-1— — — — — — – ( 17 ) One of the effects of the transmutation describe by ( 17 ) is to alter the input sequence { BK} of uncorrelated binary figures into a sequence { degree CelsiusK} of correlative figures. This correlativity between the next familial degrees may be viewed as presenting intersymbol intervention into the familial signal in an unreal mode. However, this inter symbol intervention is under the designer’s control, which is the footing of correlate cryptography. An ideal hold component, bring forthing a hold of TBseconds, has the transportation map exp ( -j2?fTB) , so that the transportation map of the simple filter shown in figure 18 is 1+exp ( -j2?fTB) . Hence, the overall transportation map of this filter connected in cascade with the ideal channel Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is H ( degree Fahrenheit ) = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ 1+ exp ( -j2?fTB) ] = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ exp ( j?fTB) + exp ( – j?fTB) ] exp ( -j?fTB) = 2 Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) cos ( ?fTB) exp ( – j?fTB )— — — — — — ( 18 ) For an ideal channel of bandwidth B0=RB/2, we have Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = — — — — — — – ( 19 ) Therefore the overall frequence response has the signifier of a half-cycle cosine map, as shown by Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = — — — — — — – ( 20 ) For which the amplitude response and stage response are as shown in figure 4.2 ( a ) and figure 4.2 ( B ) , severally. An advantage of this frequence response is that it can be easy approximated in pattern. Figure 4.2: frequence response of duobinary transition filter The corresponding value of the impulse response consists of two sinc pulsations, clip displayed by TBseconds, as shown by ( except for a scaling factor ) — — — — — – ( 21 ) Which is shown aforethought in figure 4.3.We see that the overall impulse response H ( T ) has merely two distinguishable value at the trying blink of an eyes. Figure 4.3: Impulse response of duobinary transition filter. The original informations { BK} may be detected from the duobinary-coded sequence { degree CelsiusK} by deducting the old decoded binary figure from the presently received digit degree CelsiussKin conformity with equation ( 17 ) . Specifically, allowing bI‚Kstand for the estimation of the original binary figure BKas conceived by the receiving system at clip t equal to kTB, we have bI‚K= cK– bI‚k-1— — — — — — ( 22 ) It is evident that if degree CelsiussKis received without mistake and if besides the old estimation bI‚k-1at clip t= ( k-1 ) ThymineBcorresponds to a right determination, so the current estimation bI‚Kwill be right excessively. The technique of utilizing a stored estimation of the old symbol is called determination feedback. We observe that the sensing process merely described is basically an opposite of the operation of the simple filter at the sender. However, a drawback of this sensing procedure is that one time mistakes are made, they tend to propagate. This is due to the fact that a determination on the current binary figure BKdepends on the rightness of the determination made on the old binary figure Bk-1. A practical agency of avoiding this mistake extension is to utilize precoding before the duobinary cryptography, as shown in fig 6.11. The precoding operation performed on the input binary sequence { BK} converts it into another binary sequence { aK} defined by aK= BK+ ak-1modulo-2 — — — — — – ( 23 ) Modulo-2 add-on is tantamount to the exclusive-or operation. An exclusive-or gate operates as follows. The end product of an exclusive-or gate is a 1 if precisely one input is a 1: otherwise, the end product is a 0. The ensuing precoder end product { aK} is following applied to the duobinary programmer, thereby bring forthing the sequence { degree CelsiusK} that is related to { aK} as follows: degree CelsiussK= aK+ ak-1— — — — — ( 24 ) Note that unlike the line drive operation of duobinary cryptography, the precoding is a nonlinear operation. We assume that symbol 1 at the precoder end product in figure 4.4 is represented by +1 V and symbol 0 by -1 V. Figure 4.4: A precoded duobinary strategy. Therefore, from equation ( 22 ) and ( 23 ) , we find that CK=  ±2 Vs, if BKis represented by symbol 0 0 Vs, if BKis represented by symbol 1 — — — — — ( 25 ) From equation ( 25 ) we deduce the undermentioned determination regulation for observing the original input binary sequence { BK} from { degree CelsiusK} : BK= Symbol 0 if |cK| & A ; gt ; 1 V Symbol 1 if |cK| & A ; lt ; 1 V — — — — – ( 26 ) Harmonizing to equation ( 26 ) , the decipherer consists of a rectifier, the end product of which is compared to a threshold of 1 V, and the original binary sequence { BK} is thereby detected. A block diagram of the sensor is shown in figure 4.5. A utile characteristic of this sensor is that no cognition of any input sample other than the present one is required. Hence, mistake extension can non happen in the sensor of figure 4.5. Figure 4.5: Detector for retrieving original binary sequence from the precoded duobinary programmer end product.Modified Duobinary signalingThe modified duobinary technique involves a correlativity span of two binary figures. This is achieved by deducting input binary figures spaced 2TBseconds apart, as indicated in the block diagram of figure 4.6. The end product of the modified duobinary transition filter is related to the sequence { aK} at its input as follows: degree CelsiussK= aK– ak-2— — — — — ( 27 ) Figure 4.6: Modified duobinary signaling strategy. Here, once more, we find that a three degree signal is generated. If aK=  ±1 V, as assumed antecedently, degree CelsiussKtakes on one of three values: 2, 0, and -2 Vs. The overall transportation map of the tapped-delay-line filter connected in cascade with the ideal channel, as in figure 4.6, is given by H ( degree Fahrenheit ) = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ 1- exp ( -j4?fTB) ] = 2j Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) wickedness ( 2?fTB) exp ( – j2?fTB) — — — — — – ( 28 ) Where Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is as define in equation ( 19 ) . We, hence, have an overall frequence response in the signifier of half-cycle sine map, as shown by H ( degree Fahrenheit ) =2j wickedness ( 2?fTB) exp ( -j2?fTB) |degree Fahrenheit| ? RoentgenB/2 0 otherwise — — — — — – ( 29 ) The corresponding amplitude response and stage response of the modified duobinary programmer are shown in figure 4.7 ( a ) and 4.7 ( B ) , severally. Amplitude responsePhase responseFigure 4.7: Frequency response of modified duobinary transition filter. The impulse response of the modified duobinary programmer consists of two sinc pulsations that are time-displaced by 2TBseconds, as shown by ( except for a scaling factor ) — — — — — – ( 30 ) This impulse response is plotted in figure 4.8, which shows that it has three distinguishable degrees at the trying blink of an eyes. Figure 4.8: Impulse response of modified duobinary transition filter In order to extinguish the possibility of mistake extension in the modified duobinary system, we use a precoding process similar to that used for duobinary instance. Specifically, prior to the coevals of the modified duobinary signal, a modulo-2 logical add-on is used on signals 2TBseconds apart, as shown by aK= BK+ ak-2modulo-2 — — — — — – ( 31 ) Where { BK} is the input binary sequence and { aK} is the sequence at the precoder end product. Note that modulo-2 add-on and modulo-2 minus are same. The sequence { aK} therefore produce is so applied to the modified duobinary transition filter. In instance of figure 4.6, the end product digit degree CelsiussKpeers 0, +2, or -2 Vs. Besides we find that BKcan be extracted from degree CelsiusKby ignoring the mutual opposition of degree CelsiusK, as was done with the duobinary technique. Specifically, we may pull out the original sequence { BK} at the receiving system utilizing the undermentioned determination regulation: BK= Symbol 0 if |cK| & A ; lt ; 1 V Symbol 1 if |cK| & A ; gt ; 1 V — — — — — ( 32 )Generalized signifier of Correlative CodingThe duobinary and modified duobinary techniques have correlativity spans of one binary figure and two binary figures, severally. It is consecutive frontward affair to generalise these two strategies to other strategies, which are known jointly as correlate cryptography strategies. This generalisation is shown in figure 4.9, where Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is defined in equation ( 18 ) . Figure 4.9: Generalized correlate cryptography strategy. It involves the usage of a tapped hold line filter with tap weights tungsten0tungsten1, ,tungsten2, w3†¦wN-1.Specifically, a correlate sample degree CelsiusKis obtained from a ace place of N consecutive input sample values bK, as shown by N-1 degree CelsiussK= ? tungstenNBk-n— — — — — — ( 33 ) n=0 Therefore by taking assorted combinations of whole number values for the tungstenN,we can obtain different signifiers of correlate coding strategies to accommodate single applications. For illustration, In duo-binary instance we have tungsten0= +1 tungsten1= +1 and tungstenN= 0 for n?2. In modified duo-binary instance we have tungsten0= +1 tungsten1= 0 tungsten2= -1 and tungstenN= 0 for n?3. Correlative cryptography is an efficient transmittal technique on bandlimited digital communications. Correlative cryptography introduces memory or correlativity to the transmitted informations watercourse in clip Domain, in a manner that the power spectrum of the transmitted bandlimited signal is shaped to exhibit gradual roll-off to band borders. This spectral belongings dramatically reduces the sum of inordinate intersymbol intervention at the receiving system when the symbol timing is non absolutely synchronized. Particularly, correlatively coded OFDM has been widely used to supply high grade of hardiness against deep slices, and is much more popularly known as pre-coded OFDM. Despite these abundant applications, correlate cryptography is ne'er used in OFDM for spectral defining. Correlative cryptography is adopted to determine the signal spectrum of the rectangular pulsed OFDM signals with an effort to accomplish high spectral concentration. Chapter 5 RESULT ANALYSIS Matrix Laboratory [ MATLAB ] is a imitating tool which is used to demo all the consequences. As we have discussed in the old subdivisions, ab initio we will bring forth an OFDM signal and look into the sidelobe degrees for the generated OFDM. An OFDM signal is generated for the figure of bearersNitrogenas 128 and using a BPSK transition strategy for transition. Figure 5.1: The generated OFDM signal The power spectrum methods like Periodogram and Welch’s method were ab initio carried out for spectral appraisal but the consequences of which were non satisfactory. So Multitaper spectral appraisal technique was used to bring forth the power spectrum of the OFDM signal. As we discussed in item about the multitaper spectrum analysis in subdivision 2.4.2, the stairss has been followed and the spectrum of OFDM is generated utilizing MATLAB package. Figure 5.2 illustrate the spectrum of above generated OFDM. Figure 5.2: PSD of the generated OFDM. As we discussed in the subdivision 4.1 and 4.2, the duobinry, modified duobinary cryptography is implemented. Figure 5.3 and 5.4 represent the duobinary coded OFDM and its PSD severally. Figure 5.5 and 5.6 represent the modified duobinary coded OFDM signal and its PSD severally. Figure 5.3: Duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.4: PSD of the duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.5: Modified duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.6: PSD of the modified duobinary coded OFDM signal. The figure 5.7 will exemplify the PSD comparing of all 3 PSD’s in a individual graph as follows. Figure 5.7: PSD comparing of OFDM, duobinary coded OFDM, Modified duobinary coded OFDM. 1

Silk Road: Tea

The Silk Road was a series of historical trade routes that connected cultures of European and Asian countries. Hidden in Southwest China is a lesser-known trade route called Chamadao, literally translated as the Tea Horse Road, was a central trade route for the exchange of Tibetan horses and Chinese tea (Elaine). The route started in Southwest China, where tea was produced, led north into the Tibetan mountains and into India (Yang). Due to its economic and cultural impact, it has been dubbed the â€Å"Southern Silk Road of China† (Yang). Tea first originated from Yunnan, through China, to the rest of Asia, then to the West.In its earliest uses, tea was first used as food then concocted as medicinal brews. As more traditional tea drinking practices developed overtime. It began transmit to social hierarchy and developed status (Heiss 4,7). The origin of tea trade could be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Dezong sent his supervisory official Chang Lu to visit Tibet. Chang Lu offered some boiled tea to the Tibetan king, who then asked what it was. When Chang answered, the king informed him that Tibet already had tea and had his servants show it to Chang (Yang). The Chinese were the main exporters of tea.The Tea Horse Road, or Chamadao, was a central trade route for exchanging Tibetan horses and Chinese tea. Though it is called the Tea Horse Road, other products such as salt, sugar and furs were also exchanged along this route. The increasing importance of tea in daily life led to high demand and set up many markets outside of Southern China (Whitfield 238). Tea trade further expanded after Europeans were introduced to it. Chinese Tea was traded as far as Kenya, Africa. Chamadao soon earned the title of â€Å"Southern Silk Road of China,† due to its importance in both economic and cultural aspects (Elaine).Tea played a great role in religion and politics. At the height of the tea trade’s prosperity during the Min g Dynasty, a bureau was established to manage the horse and tea trade. During that time, the Ming Court often used the tea trade as a means of maintaining political control over Tibetan leaders and lamas. Farmers paid tea as tribute, or tax to the emperor, or ruler. The tea used in such tributes determined its quality (Yang). Tea was embraced by China’s three great religions—Buddhism, Confucianism and Daoism for its perceived healthful virtues and powers of rejuvenation .The holy leaders of these religions deemed the drink as a necessity and should be consumed by all practitioners. As each of these faiths spread, so did the practice of consuming tea (Heiss 10). In short, the lesser-known Tea Horse Road had great economic and cultural impact. Its cultural exchange and prosperity is comparable to the Silk Road in historical importance. This â€Å"Southern Silk Road† is no longer in use but its legacy continues to play a crucial role in the communication and exchan ge of present cultures.

United States and People Essay Example

United States and People Essay Example United States and People Essay United States and People Essay Restrepo . The war in Afghanistan has been going on for 10 years and is still going on today. This war has been going on for to long and is being fought for the wrong reason. In the beginning the war was fought to get rid of the terrorist groups in Afghanistan and to stop the training of Al Qaeda. Now in Afghanistan the reason of fighting is to get rid of the Taliban. The United states should not be in Afghanistan for this long. It has been to long and to many soldiers have lost their lives. Maybe the United States can get rid of Taliban member, but why keep fighting if it has taken ten years and it will take many more to stop violence in this region. This war is now affecting people around my age now because family members are in the war and now friends of kids my age will be going into this war. â€Å"All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing†-Edmund Burke â€Å"War is an ugly thing, but not the ugliest of things. The decayed and degraded state of moral and patriotic feeling which thinks that nothing is worth war is much worse. The person who has nothing for which he is willing to fight, nothing which is more important than his own safety, is a miserable creature and has no chance of being free unless made and kept so by the exertion of better man than himself. †- John Stuart Mill The movie â€Å"Restrepo† does not support the first quote but does support the second quote. It does not support the first quote because in the movie when they were in the Korengal Valley one group called Chosen Company tried taking over a region and they stayed in one spot and didnt do to much and they lost troops and had many get injured. If they did something then they wouldnt have lost soldiers and have soldiers get injured. The second quote is supported because war is an ugly thing and â€Å"Restrepo† shows it is ugly but it also show how these men are the â€Å"better† men that will fight for the safety of others and they are willing to fight. In the society some people might think more people should join the military and some people might think that right now we have a good amount of people joining and it should stay the way it is. To me I think the amount of people joining the military today is a good amount because we dont have a problem with numbers right now and we dont need to much more to have a good military. For me I have always wanted to be in the military and to fight for this country. If I had a chance to sign up and have my family support me I would sign up. The men in the movie to me are heroes for many reasons. One reason why I consider them heroes is because they have the guts to do what thousands of people cant and are not fit for and they risk their lives to protect our country and protect people they dont even know. Another reason why I think they are heroes is because they go through fight after fight after fight and they keep pushing on even after losing fellow members and good friends and I think that is a heroic action.

French Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns

French Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns There are two kinds of demonstrative pronouns: variable demonstrative pronouns (celui, celle, ceux, celles) which agree in gender and number with their antecedent, and invariable (or indefinite) demonstrative pronouns (ce, ceci, cela, à §a), which  do not have an antecedent and their form does not vary. Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns Invariable demonstrative pronouns, also called indefinite  or neuter demonstrative pronouns, do not have a specific antecedent and thus do not have different forms for gender and number. Indefinite demonstrative pronouns can refer to something abstract, like an idea or a situation, or to something indicated but unnamed. On the other hand, a variable demonstrative pronoun  refers to a specific, previously mentioned noun in a sentence; this pronoun must agree in gender and number with the noun it refers back to.   There Are Four Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns 1. Ce is the impersonal, simple indefinite demonstrative pronoun. It can mean this or it, and is used mainly with the verb à ªtre, either in the basic expression cest or in various impersonal expressions, which are expressions without a definite subject that begin with C​est  or Il​ est.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une bonne idà ©e!Thats a good idea!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest difficile faire.Its hard to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest triste de perdre un ami.  Its sad to lose a friend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€°tudier, cest important.Studying is important. Ce may also be followed by devoir or pouvoir à ªtre.Ce doit à ªtre un bon restaurant.This must be a good restaurant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce peut à ªtre difficile.This might be difficult. A less common and more formal usage (especially in written French) of ce can be used without a verb:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai travaillà © en Espagne, et ce en tant que bà ©nà ©vole.I worked in Spain (and this) as a volunteer.Elle la tuà ©, et pour ce  elle est condamnà ©e.She killed him, and therefore/for this she is condemned. Note that ce is also a demonstrative adjective.2. 3. Ceci  and cela are used as the subject of all other verbs:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceci va à ªtre facile.This is going to be easy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela me fait plaisir.That makes me happy. Ceci and cela are used with pouvoir or devoir when those verbs are not followed by à ªtre.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceci peut nous aider.This could help us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela doit aller dans la cuisine.That has to go in the kitchen. Ceci  and cela can also be direct and indirect objects:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Donnez-lui cela de ma part.Give him this from me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Qui a fait cela?Who did this? Notes Ceci is the contraction of ce ici (this here), while cela is the contraction of ce l (this there). Ceci is rare in spoken French. Just as l commonly replaces ici in spoken French (Je suis l  Ã‚  Im here), French speakers tend to use cela to mean either this or that. Ceci only really comes into play when one wants to distinguish between this and that:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne veux pas ceci, je veux cela.I dont want this, I want that. 4. Ça is the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Donne-lui à §a de ma part.Give him this from me.Qui a fait à §a?Who did this?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€¡a me fait plaisir.That makes me happy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Quest-ce que cest que à §a?What is that?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne veux pas ceci (or à §a),  je veux à §a.I dont want this, I want that.

Preparing for and Taking Standardized Tests Research Paper

Preparing for and Taking Standardized Tests - Research Paper Example Students can have access to a wide array of practice tests before actually appearing in the test. In the past, students had to go to academies in addition to their regular schools in order to prepare for the tests. Adjusting this extra work in an already busy schedule was quite of a challenge for many hard working students. Academies consumed a lot of their time as a result of which, students lagged behind in their regular home work. Even then, the quality of education would not be up to the mark because most of the energy was consumed in adjusting new activities into the schedule and then adjusting with it. In addition to that, academies popular for their history of good results used to charge the willing students quite a lot of fees which many students could not afford. Today, students can have free access to past tests, sample papers, preparing tips and test taking strategies. Internet makes a holistic approach to enhance the abilities of students from all aspects so that they bec ome adequately equipped with the required skills before appearing in the exam. This not only saves students’ time, but also enables them to have quick access to the required information. The best thing about preparing for the standardized tests from the internet is that after going through the sample tests, a student gains a preliminary idea of the areas in which he/she is weak. This helps the student place particular emphasis upon the skill enhancement in that particular area. Many online test preparation sites recommend students to go through the sample tests once before the commencement of preparation, and the second time, after they think they have prepared sufficiently. The second test is no less useful than the first one because it provides the students with an insight into their skills and the extent to which they are really prepared for the standardized test next day. In the past, children liked going to academies not just for preparation, but also with a view to lear ning strategies and tips that would help them gain maximum marks in the minimal time. Today, the same purpose is served by internet. In fact, internet provides students with a much greater variety of strategies and tips all of which have been derived from the experience of past test takers. Although preparation of the standardized tests depends to much an extent, upon the individualistic preparation of a student, though teachers also have a special role to play in it. In order to ensure that all students are able to pass the standardized tests, it is imperative that teachers take out time from the regular classes to get the students prepared for the tests. According to Hollingworth (2007 cited in Tompkins, 2011) teachers can achieve this without compromising upon the regular instructional program in five ways discussed below: 1. Teachers should make sure that the curriculum standards imposed by their state are consistent with their program and adjust the material according to the re quirements of the test. 2. Teachers should establish milestones with students and should regularly supervise their progress through informal assessments. 3. Teachers should involve students in authentic activities of literacy in order to make them potential writers and readers. 4. Teachers should narrate the test’s purpose to the students and discuss the way the results will impact their future, but should not increase the students’

Economic analysis report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic analysis report - Essay Example Also, that loan would enable citizens to access insurance services such as natural disasters and health facilities as a way of reducing their vulnerabilities towards risks. The financial system of Indonesia is dominated by banking institutions. As such, only a few people access credit services from those institutions. From this point of view, the loan from World Bank would promote non-banking financial sectors like mutual funds, pension funds and insurance services which have little or no financial barriers for the middle and poor members of the society. As such, it becomes apparent that the World Banks loan targeted the middle and poor members of the society, mainly to boost their lifestyles through empowering them financially. Achieving such a goal is possible through facilitating such less fortunate groups with easy access to cheap credit facilities and providing them with insurance services to reduce the risks and vulnerabilities faced by these young investors. The loan offered by the World Bank to the Government of Indonesia was vital to the government’s effort in maintaining its financial stability, improving financial management and preventing a financial crisis in the country. Another purpose of the loan was to promote the development of the micro-financing sector and non-banking institutions. As a fact, the micro-financing sector of Indonesia is still underdeveloped; thus with the signing of the loan from the World Bank, this sector would be among the primary targets for development as it helps a lot in protecting millions of families who live below the poverty line. Precisely, the World Bank funding would guard such families against hardships like unexpected natural disasters and deaths. Secondly, the loan would be used in addressing one of the financial goals being set by the government of Indonesia (World Bank