Nicotine, the Central Nervous System and Adrenal Medulla

An Australian wellness Survey conducted in 2011-2012, reason out that 3.1 million Australians be smokers. (Australian government agency of Statistics, 2013). This means that 14% of Australias population are shortly smokers compared to to a greater extent than 40% in the 1980s a spectacular decrease with the smoking calculate continuing to decline all(prenominal) year. Now there are many factors that can be considered for this drop such(prenominal) as the rise in prices or maybe less availableness but another jumbo factor is that its no longer seen in the similar way socially bid it was back in the 1980s. With more and more anti-smoking products being created it decreases the heart of smokers and Im leaving to go into more abstruseness about that later on in the presentation.\nNicotine is a parasymphatomimetic alkaloid from the nightshade family of plants called the Solanaceae. A Parasympathomimetic medicate is a drug or poisonous substance that acts by stimulating or mi micking the parasympathetic nervous system. (Dorlands medical exam Dictionary, 2013) Nicotine is also a nicotinic agonist. A nicotinic agonist is a drug that mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NCRs) (Henningfield, 2006). Nicotine is administered orally. The personate reacts as soon as Nicotine enters the carcass. Nicotine affects two different areas of the system: the adrenal electric-light bulb and the underlying nervous system.\nThe adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal secretory organ found in the kidney. It has an continue on the bodys energy, heart rate and metabolism as it secretes endocrine glands, such as adrenaline and dopamine. The kidney absorbs the Nicotine through the blood linestream which thus enters the adrenal medulla. The Nicotine then binds with the nicotinic receptors which causes adrenaline to be released into the body; this causes common symptoms of smoking such as an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.\n dopamine is a hormone which is influenced by Nicotine in the body. Dopamine is related to our addiction,...