free speech or just offensive -- essays research papers

Free Speech or Just Offensive?     A highly debated topic as of advanced has been the staggering rise of offensivelanguage and topics of the medicine industry, which have infiltrated through. Should theartists of this symphony be punished for corrupting the minds of the people who listen to it?Or should the medicinal drugians rights be protect by the first amendment?     The main problem to be seen is that this music has become extremely popular tothe youth. With this popularity comes blow after blow from the media, parents, andorganizations putting down the music because they believe its corrupting the children. All of these criticisms towards music have even made the government step in and putparental advisory warnings on the CDs. This lets the consumer make out that the CD theyare buying has adult language, violence, or sexual references in the songs. Thegovernment has also set an age minimum of seventeen years gray-headed to even purc hase theoffensive CDs. After all of this is said and done, the albums are still selling millions ofcopies.     It is a whole different market today, set on exploiting the rebels "fuck you I wontdo what you tell me" attitude of the youth. "Big bucks is the name of the game. saysmusic critic Harvey Bickle. This implies that these stars that have risen from this musicare only doing so to make themselves a quick buck. Whether or non this is true, we stillsupport these stars and will continue to do so. But is there any evidence that the music ishurting anyone?      Many reasons offensive music has been blamed can be documented through pastincidences. During the Columbine shooting, the media was blaming the music of MarlinManson because of his dark songs. This idea of music creating violence is not a newone. In 1982 ACDC put out a song called Night Stalker on their album. Later on thatyear, a killer roamed the countryside while assuming the alias Night Stalker, and wasconvinced that the lyrics from ACDCs song drove him to do these disgusting acts ofmurder. Many cases like this have been brought to court, but notably, not one has provedtheir case against the artist.     How could we come to the conclusion that the music caused these mass killingsand riots a... ...r a redress of grievances." (Duemler, David34). This basically means that as an artist or unbendable person, one may speak or illustrateanything without being punished or revised as long as it is done so in a respectablemanner. There is even an entire organization supporting and fighting for the firstamendment for artist called the Recording Industry Association of America, or RIAA. Itis ironic that the amendment that protects the artist is also the amendment that allowspeople to protest against it. Overall the point is that most of our basic laws come fromthese amendments, and they are what America was built on, so how can we c ite artistsof breaking the law when all they were doing was following it?      Although the music industry is becoming more and more controversial, it stilldoes not give anyone the right to ban or prosecute someones music, because an artist hasthe right to a freedom of expression. People who disagree with this, can choose not buythe music or change the station when its on the radio, but they cannot destroy it or theartist because freedom of speech is what makes this country so great and free.

A Character Analysis of Pearl in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Lett

A Character Analysis of Pearl in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet garnerWord Count Includes Outline at the End of the PaperThe Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is a book of much symbolism. One of the most mazy and misunderstood symbols in the book is Pearl, the illegitimate daughter of Hester Prynne and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Throughout the novel Pearl develops into a dynamic symbol one that is always changing. In the following essay, I will explore Hawthornes symbolism of Pearl from birth, age three, and age seven. Also, I will attempt to disprove the notion that Pearl is brand with a metaphorical flushed letter A representing amorality instead she represents the immorality of her mothers adultery. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne, for her sins, received a scarlet letter A which she had to go to pieces upon the breast of her gown(Hawthorne 39). It was the Puritan way of treating her as a criminal for the crime of adultery. The Puritan treatment of Hester did not st op simply with the assignment of the letter. As she walked through the streets, she was looked down upon as if she were some sort of evil spirit among them, being punished for some ghastly crime. This gave Hester much mental anguish and grief. On the other hand, Gods treatment of Hester for her sin was quite different than the scarlet letter. He gave Hester the punishment of rearing a very unique child whom she named Pearl. But she named the infant Pearl, as being of great price, --purchased with all she had, --her mothers only treasure(Hawthorne, 62). Hester named her daughter Pearl because she had to give up everything, including freedom, for her. This punishment handed down from God was a constant mental and physical reminder to Hester of what she had done wrong. There was no escaping it. In this aspect, Pearl symbolized Gods way of punishing Hester for the sin of adultery.Even when she was just a baby, her infants eyes had been caught by the glimmering of the gold embroidery ab out the letter (Hawthorne 67). From birth, Pearl seemed to be attracted to the scarlet letter A that clung to her mothers chest. In one circumstantial incident when Pearl was a baby she reached up smiling to touch the scarlet letter on Hesters dress as she stooped over her cradle. This communicate by the baby mortified Hester because of Pearls innocent recognition of the underl... ...final note, Pearl was more than her mothers only treasure or sometimes headache she was her mothers only source of survival. thesis In the following essay, I will explore Hawthornes symbolism of Pearl from birth, age three, and age seven.I.Describe the basic foundation for the novelA. Hester received the scarlet letterB. Punishment by the PuritansC. Punishment by GodII.Pearl at birthA. Pearls attraction to the letterB. Hesters shame of the letterC. Hesters realization of Pearls remaining verbal expressionIII.Pearl at age threeA. Same attraction to the letterB. Pearl associated the letter with a gam eC. Reappearance of Pearls odd expressionIV.Pearl at age sevenA. Bolder acts towards the letterB. Pearls association of Dimmesdale with the letterC. Pearls association with the letterV.ConclusionA. Pearls sources of symbolismB. Pearl as the scarlet letterC. Pearl as her mothers source of survivalWorks CitedHawthorne, Nathaniel., et al., eds. The Scarlet Letter. 3rd ed. New York Norton, 1988.

Differing Views On Reconstruction :: American America History

Differing Views On ReconstructionBy 1866, several distinct positions on Reconstruction emerged. These were divided into three opposing camps Conservatives (democrats), Moderates, and Radicals. The Conservatives believed the in the south should be readmitted into the Union as soon as possible, but the Radicals and Moderates believed at that place should be consequences for succeeding. The question of what those consequences should be separated Radical from Moderate. The answer to this question was as related to how important each side believed it was to enfranchise African Americans into this solid ground (socially, politically, economically, and culturally) as it was in exacting an appropriate punishment for the treasonous South. Although the two republican factions disagreed on several aspects of Reconstruction insurance, they both understood that the Conservative coming to Reconstruction could never be enacted. The Conservatives lead by President Johnson, believed in a rapid re admission, into the Union, for the defeated southerly states. Johnsons stipulations were solely that the states ratify the 13th Amendment, and renounce collaborator war debt (thus making it null and void). A second more arguable measure to the democrats plan for rapid reconstruction was the issuing of pardons to former Confederate officials, landowners, and generals. As a direct result of these pardons, former plantation owners land was returned. The terminus of the Conservatives during Reconstruction was straightforwardly to return the South to the social, political, and economic structure of the nonmodern period. The Conservative plans for reconstruction tolerateed the former Confederate leadinghip, which led the South to war to call back high ranking political positions. This made the Republicans fearful that the South would eventually move down the path of war with the Union. Furthermore, it also proved to the South that at that place were no consequences for successi on. This was unacceptable to both Moderates and Radicals. In their eyes the South had committed treason and should have to suffer the consequences. However, Johnson never tried any of the Confederate leaders on charges of treason. The obvious answer to why the Conservatives wanted to enact this policy were because they were the ones guilty of succession. This was their way of protecting their self-interests. Before the war, Conservatives dominated Southern politics. After Southern succession they made up the majority of the Confederate government. However, the less than obvious answer was that they saw preserving the status quo antebellum as the only way to allow the Southern economy to one-day flourish. Considering that many conservatives were former slaveholders they enjoyed some vested interest in preserving the system.Differing Views On Reconstruction American America HistoryDiffering Views On ReconstructionBy 1866, several distinct positions on Reconstruction emerged. These were divided into three opposing camps Conservatives (democrats), Moderates, and Radicals. The Conservatives believed the South should be readmitted into the Union as soon as possible, but the Radicals and Moderates believed there should be consequences for succeeding. The question of what those consequences should be separated Radical from Moderate. The answer to this question was as related to how important each side believed it was to enfranchise African Americans into this country (socially, politically, economically, and culturally) as it was in exacting an appropriate punishment for the treasonous South. Although the two Republican factions disagreed on several aspects of Reconstruction policy, they both understood that the Conservative approach to Reconstruction could never be enacted. The Conservatives lead by President Johnson, believed in a rapid readmission, into the Union, for the defeated Southern states. Johnsons stipulations were solely that the states ratify the 13t h Amendment, and repudiate Confederate war debt (thus making it null and void). A second more controversial measure to the democrats plan for rapid reconstruction was the issuing of pardons to former Confederate officials, landowners, and generals. As a direct result of these pardons, former plantation owners land was returned. The goal of the Conservatives during Reconstruction was obviously to return the South to the social, political, and economic structure of the antebellum period. The Conservative plans for reconstruction allowed the former Confederate leadership, which led the South to war to regain high ranking political positions. This made the Republicans fearful that the South would eventually move down the path of war with the Union. Furthermore, it also proved to the South that there were no consequences for succession. This was unacceptable to both Moderates and Radicals. In their eyes the South had committed treason and should have to suffer the consequences. However, Johnson never tried any of the Confederate leaders on charges of treason. The obvious answer to why the Conservatives wanted to enact this policy were because they were the ones guilty of succession. This was their way of protecting their self-interests. Before the war, Conservatives dominated Southern politics. After Southern succession they made up the majority of the Confederate government. However, the less than obvious answer was that they saw preserving the status quo antebellum as the only way to allow the Southern economy to one-day flourish. Considering that many conservatives were former slaveholders they enjoyed some vested interest in preserving the system.

Free Essay on Nathaniel Hawthornes Scarlet Letter - The Character of Pearl :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Character of drop in The Scarlet Letter Pearl was known as the devils child when she was young. She would have temper tantrums and do things her mother did not like. Pearl didnt know the true meaning of he letter on her mothers bosom. When the book ended, it did not say what happened to Pearl and how she lived her life from there. I believe that after Dimmesdale died and as Pearl got older, Hester told her what the true meaning of the scarlet letter was. I think Pearl always remembered that she was the result of that letter on her mothers bosom. To that, she would live her life truly and simplely. I assume that Pearl grew up to be a beautiful woman. I believe she married a wonderful husband, was rue to him, and both made a level-headed living. I think they lived in a nice home and were known by many other people. They both loved their life and lived it the best they could. Pearl and her husband eventually had children. She would have taught them to do what is right and many other good things. She would have told her children about the scarlet letter that her mother once had to wear. How she wore it because of what she did wrong, and how she lived her own life because of it. Pearl would have brought her children up the right way and how she thought was good. They would have lived a good lifestyle and done many things unitedly as a family. Pearl and her husband stuck together and were truthful to each other. I think Pearl lived up to her ability and was a hard worker. She lived by Gods rules and did what was right. Because of knowing what her mother did, I believe that she lived an honest life. She told the truth and was true to herself and others around her. She knew right from wrong. I can see that Pearl would have helped people out and would have done many good and godly things for others. In conclusion, I think all the doings and actions of Pearl were honest and true because of how her own mother brought her up and how her mother lived her own life.

Theme of Forgiveness in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Theme of Forgiveness in The Scarlet Letter   The public is despotic in its temper it is capable of denying common justice when too strenuously demanded as a right but quite as frequently it awards more than justice when the appeal is made, as despots love to have it made all to its liberality. The Scarlet Letter (156)          One of themes that Hawthorne conveys in The Scarlet Letter is that society is more willing to forgive people who ask for forgiveness with humility and generosity than those who demanded it as a right. This theme was conveys using Hester Prynne, a young women who committed adultery. This was considered to be one of the worst crime someone could commit in the prude society during the eighteen hundreds, where she resides in.  As punishment, Hester was required to wear a scarlet letter A upon her garment in order for e preciseone to recognize her crime.  Her society had designate her, they  believed that she has brought shame upon all of us, and ought to die...(59) Yet, as time went by, because of the way in which Hester carried herself wearing the scarlet letter, the symbol had taken a new meaning.  Al grand pianogh, when the scarlet letter was first off enjoin on her bosom it was a symbol of Hesters crime, burden, seclusion, and shame. However, as a result of Hesters generosity and humility the scarlet letter had come to symbolize Hesters strength, philanthropy, and gained her very high respectability in her society.         Let her cover the mark as she will, the pang of it will be always in her heart.(59).  The scarlet letter was place upon Hester Prynne bosom as a punishment for the crime she committed the letter A to signified adulteress.    The letter A on her bosom was there as a reminder the townspeople, strangers and Hester herself of the crime she committed. Likewise, it was there to ensure that such a crime would not again befell upon their Puritan community.    Drink, then, replied he, still with the same cold composure. Dost thou know me so little, Hester Prynne? Are my purposes wont to be so shallow? Even if I imagine a scheme of vengeance, what could I do wear out for my object than to let thee live-than to give thee medicines against all harm and peril of life so that this burning Shame may still blaze upon thy bosom?

Theme of Forgiveness in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Theme of Forgiveness in The Scarlet Letter   The public is despotic in its temper it is capable of denying common rightness when too strenuously demanded as a right but quite as frequently it awards more than justice when the appeal is made, as despots love to have it made entirely to its liberality. The Scarlet Letter (156)          One of themes that Hawthorne conveys in The Scarlet Letter is that society is more impulsive to forgive people who ask for forgiveness with humility and generosity than those who demanded it as a right. This theme was conveys using Hester Prynne, a young women who committed adultery. This was considered to be star of the worst crime someone could commit in the Puritan society during the eighteen hundreds, where she resides in.  As punishment, Hester was required to wear a scarlet letter A upon her garment in order for everyone to recognize her crime.  Her society had condemn her, they  believ ed that she has brought shame upon all of us, and ought to die...(59) Yet, as time went by, because of the way in which Hester carried herself wearing the scarlet letter, the symbolization had taken a new meaning.  Although, when the scarlet letter was first place on her bosom it was a symbol of Hesters crime, burden, seclusion, and shame. However, as a result of Hesters generosity and humility the scarlet letter had come to symbolize Hesters strength, philanthropy, and gained her very high respectability in her society.         Let her cover the mark as she allow, the pang of it will be always in her heart.(59).  The scarlet letter was place upon Hester Prynne bosom as a punishment for the crime she committed the letter A to sentiency adulteress.    The letter A on her bosom was there as a reminder the townspeople, strangers and Hester herself of the crime she committed. Likewise, it was there to ensure that such a crime wo uld non again befell upon their Puritan community.    Drink, then, replied he, still with the same cold composure. Dost thou know me so little, Hester Prynne? Are my purposes wont to be so shallow? Even if I imagine a scheme of vengeance, what could I do better for my object than to let thee live-than to give thee medicines against all harm and peril of life so that this intense Shame may still blaze upon thy bosom?

Brand Hierarchy

Smart Principles for Designing a Brand Hierarchy We all know the recession has drastically force consumer behaviors, but we may often overlook its direct impact on labels themselves. The recession has changed the way marketers manage their nock portfolios as they try to do to a greater extent with less. As such, marketers are taking a closer look at how then can stretch existing brand equity across a greater number of products, often taking a name brand/sub-brand approach. We generally see four different sub-brand approaches, each with their own benefits and risks 1.Driver Sub-BrandsA driver sub-brand encourages purchase decisions by representing the value proposition central to the user determine. The parent brand endorses the sub-brandbut its the sub-brand that defines the consumers perceptions of the product or service experience and proves the primary driver motivating consumer purchase. Take the Gillette Fusion razor. Customers primarily buy the technology and performance represented by the Fusion name. Fusion is the driver brand while Gillette creates a strong identity and clear visibility for the Fusion name on the package, retail rack, and in consumers minds.As you might guess, if a company is passage to take a driver sub-branding approach, then the sub-brand must generate real response to its entrance in the marketplace to succeed. 2. Co-Driver Sub-BrandsIn this case both the parent brand and the sub-brand play majorand often equalroles in driving the consumer toward purchase. Cadillacs Escalade sub-brand serves as a co-driver, as both the Cadillac and Escalade brand names influence consumers purchase decisions.While consumers associate the Cadillac name with top of the line performance, quality, and style, the Escalade brand compounds that image with the slightly rugged, more versatile associations of a sports emolument vehicle. Cadillac marketers leverage the associations of both driver brands to command market share in the luxury sports util ity vehicle category, as well as generating significant hire for the car among Hollywood celebrities attracted to the brands image of luxury, spaciousness, and high performance versatility.In co-driver situations, both the parent brands image and the sub-brands image unitedly influence the consumers decision to purchase the product. 3. Descriptor Sub-BrandsAs implied by the name, descriptor brands communicate a distinct facet of the parent brande. g. , class, feature, scar segment, or function. For example, Purina Dog Food maintains the following descriptive brands Dog chuck, Beneful, Hi-Pro, Fit & Trim, Puppy Chow, Moist & Meaty.Purina Brand Dog Food uses these descriptor sub-brands to more accurately meet the needs of individual dog breeds and the specific demands of dog owners. While all dogs could potentially thrive off of the standard Puppy and Dog Chow offerings, developing specialized offerings for overweight, high-energy, and performance dogs defined by a unique descript or sub-brand enables owners to better address their dogs perceived needs. This is the riskiest category of sub-brands, as the sub-brand may cannibalize the parent brand if insufficient differentiation among the varieties exists. . Endorsed Sub-BrandsIn an endorsed sub-brand relationship, the parent brand often provides support and credibility to the sub-brands claims in a more explicit fashion than co-drivers (for example, Rugby by Ralph Lauren). Endorsed sub-brands provide consumers with assurance that the sub-brand will deliver on the same value propositions as the parent offering, enabling the parent brand to expand into new markets while retaining its established brand position.

Principles and Practice of Management Essay

General Manager operation, maintenance, and headed by a chief. The Chief of and under him Mukherjee charge Engineer. The total was 500 actors, 25 executives, (Production), there were services groups, each Maintenance was Shukla was working as the strength of Maintenance and 50 supervisors. Chatterjee was working in Maintenance as a worker for three years.He was efficient. He had curtain raising and drive. He performed his duties in a near perfect manner. He was a man of strengthenn technical ability with utmost drive and dash. He was promoted as Supervisor. Chattejee, now a Supervisor, was genius day passing through the Maintenance Shop on his routine inspection. He found a certain worker sitting idle. He pulled him up for this. The worker retaliated by abusing him with filthy words. With a grim face and utter frustration, Chatterjee reported the matter to Mukherjee. The worker who insulted Chatterjee was a infamous character , and no supervisor dared to confront him.Mukherjee to ok a serious view of the chance and served a strong warning earn to the worker. Nothing very contingent about Chatterjee or from him came to the make outledge of Mukherjee. Things were moving smoothly. Chatterjee was getting along well with others But after about three years, another serious incident took place. A worker came drunk to duty, began playing cards, and using very filthy language. When Chatterjee strongly objected to this, the worker got up and slapped Chatterjee. Later, the worker went to his union and reported that Chatterjee had assaulted him while he was execute his duties.Chatterjee had no idea that the bunk would take such a turn. He, therefore, never bothered to report the matter to his boss or collect evidence in support of his case. The union took the case to Shukla and prevailed over him to take stern action against Chatterjee. Shukla instructed Mukherjee to demote Chatterjee to the rank of a worker. Mukherjee expressed his apprehension that in such a ca se Chatterjee will be of no use to the department, and. the demotion would adversely affect the morale of all sincere and efficient supervisors. But Chatterjee was demoted.Chatterjee continued working in the boldness with all his efficiency, competence, and ability for two months. Then he resigned stating that he had secured better employment elsewhere. Mukherjee was perturbed at this turn of events. While placing Chatterjees resignation letter before Shukla, he expressed deep concern at this development. Shukla called Chief of power for advice on this delicate issue. The Chief of Personnel said, l think the incident should help us to appreciate the essential qualification required for a successful supervisor.An honest and hardworking man need not necessarily prove to be an effective supervisor. Something more is required for this as he has to get things done rather than do himself. Mukherjee said, l have a high imprint of Chatterjee. He proved his technical competence and was s incere at his work. Given some guidance on how to deal, with the type of persons he had to work with, the sad situation could h. ave been avoided. Shukla said, l am really sorry to lose Chatterjee, He was very honest and painstaking in his work. But I do not know how I could have helped him I wonder how he always managed to get into trouble with workers. e know they are illiterates and some of them are tough. But a supervisor must have the ability and presence of mind to deal with such men. I have numerous supervisors, but I never had to enlighten any(prenominal)body how to supervise his men. Questions (a) Identify the problems in this case. (b) Do you think the decision taken by shukla is in keeping with the faith, trust and creating developmental climate in the organisation? Critically evaluate (c) How would you help in improving rough and tough behavior of employees? Read the following case and answer the questions given at the end. alphabet manufacturing The ABC Manufacturin g Company is a metal working plant under the immediatelyion of a plant manager who is known as a severe disciplinarian. One day a foreman noticed Bhola, one of the workers, at the time-clock punching out two cards his own and the card of Nathu, a fellow worker. Since it was the hulk of the company that each man must punch out his own card, the foreman asked Bhola to accompany him to the Personnel Director, who interpreted the incident as a direct violation of a rule and gave immediate notice of discharge to both workers.The two workers came to see the Personnel Director on the following day. Nathu claimed innocence on the ground that he had not asked for his card to be punched and did not know at the time that it was being punched. He had been offered a ride by a friend who had already punched out and who could not wait for him to go through the punch-out procedure. Nathu was worried about his wife who was ill at home and was anxious to ease up home as quickly as possible. He pl anned to take his card to the foreman the next morning for reinstatement, a provision sometimes exercised in such cases.These circumstances were verified by Bhola. He claimed that he had punched Nathus card the same time he punched his own, not being conscious of any wrongdoing. The Personnel Director was inclined to believe the story of the two men but did not feel he could reverse the action taken. He recognized that these men were good workers and had good records prior to this incident. Nevertheless, they had violated a rule for which the penalty was immediate discharge. He also reminded them that it was the policy of the company to enforce the rules without exception.A few days later the Personnel Director, the vegetation Manager, and the Sales Manager sat together at lunch. The Sales Manager reported that he was face with the necessity of notifying one of their best customers that his order must be delayed because of the liability of one department to conform to schedule. T he department in question was the one from which the two workers had been discharged. Not only had it been impossible to replace these men to date, but disgruntlement over the incident had led to significant decline in the cooperation of the other workers.The Personnel Director and the Sales Manager took the position that the discharge of these two valuable men could have been avoided if there had been provision for considering the circumstances of the case. They pointed out that the incident was expensive to the company in the possible loss of a customer, in the dissatisfaction within the employee group, and in the time and money that would be involved in recruiting and training replacements. The Plant Manager could not agree with this point of view. We must have rules if we are to have efficiency and the rules are no good unless we enforce them.

Liubov Popova Essay

Liubov Popova completed The Pianist in 1915. Through a combination of styles Popova created this delineation using Cubo-Futurism, a synthetic style painting developed in Russia around 1910 (Boguslawski). She displays great poise by painting a large composition based on an plagiarise pattern of bowlegged and straight planes.This is a representational composition of a pianist, piano keys, and sheet music. This painting, with its modern essence, catches the collective application of art and technology to the study of music. As an abstract painting of a pianist, Popova changed the natural features in order to emphasize and reveal certain aspects of the performer.The rhythm of visual elements in this painting gives continuity and flow that leads the look in a left-to-right direction. Fluid, curving lines cut through the angled shapes suggesting motion across the keyboard. The patterned, recurring alternations of contrasting organic and inorganic shapes create rhythm and quantify sugge sting beat of the music the pianist is playing. The painting is composed to give a dynamic rhythm that gives it an uncharacteristic kind of unity. The space between the lines, forming shadows, gives three dimensional mass to the painting.The arrangement of this painting gives an almost up beat feeling yet the cool colors create a calming effect and suffer comfort. Further, drama arises from the relationship of black and white tones and the textually rich surface she creates. One problem that arises while trying to study this paintings emotional power is that the emotional meaning of music is very subjective and the emotion created is dependent on the individual viewer.

The Joy and Pain of Raising a Child with Special Needs

The Joys and Pain Of Raising A Child With Special Needs Donna McFadden ENG121 English organisation I Mr. Jonathan Alexander, Instructor February 18, 2013 The Joys and Pain Of Raising A Child With Special Needs Even though I am not the only heighten of a child of special needs this is my personal journey into the world of special needs. No one could have told me that at the age of forty threesome I would be experiencing motherhood again to a child innate(p) with cerebral Palsy. In fact, I was unspoilt preparing to celebrate my 25th high schooltime reunion when I got the news that I was pregnant.When faced with the complex challenges of single motherhood you depart soon find out that love is all you need. accord me to give my account of this life altering phenomenon that totally changed the course of my mindset and direction in life. After an extremely emotional pregnancy and delivery by C-section, my son Nathan took his first breaths into a world of chaos and confusion. Being rushed to the neo-natal intensive care unit weighing only 4 lbs 3 oz, existence probed and pricked by doctors and nurses to help stabilize the very life he stepped into.The thoughts of what my little angel endured coming into this world shows me his strength and determination as he begins his hold on this journey to manhood. Life began for my son spending his first few weeks of life in a NICU as they call it in the hospital with incubators and feeding tubes combined with the constant care from doctors and nurses assigned to his care. How traumatic for both mother and child to experience the separation and disconnect that is being substituted by machines. I forced the hospital to al broken me an opportunity to stay in a room so that I could be as close to my son as I could.I was there for every feeding, every diaper change, all the testing I would sit in the NICU beside his bed and sing to him to reassure him that I was there. I was determined to be with my child as much as I coul d through this torturous ordeal. The instructions that we had to follow when we got home were intense, because of his prematurity and low birth weight many important things were still developing. I had numerous classes and seminars that I had to attend and complete before leaving the hospital. I even had to barter for a new car seat because the one that I had was not sufficient for a premature child.We immediately began having to parade through doctors offices on a weekly basis to be tested and examined and this process required a lot of patience and dedication. At five months olds we were back in the hospital so that Nathan would have his first surgery to repair three hernias. Once he recuperated it was then time for the next round of surgeries and this rollercoaster ride seemed to go on for months. end-to-end this process youre trying to find those opportunities to enjoy your child, those memorable moments of accomplishments and milestones.During these months I had no idea my so n has Cerebral Palsy, nor had I ever experienced anyone who had been diagnosed with this disability. When we got the diagnoses of Cerebral Palsy, Nathan was fourteen months old and a very happy, determined little toddler, actually to look at him you would never know that he had brain damage. For me, not very knowing what it meant to have Cerebral Palsy actually played to my advantage because I didnt have an opportunity to incur upset, but more of a determination to educate myself on what I needed to do to help this baby grow into a wonderful productive person.Just like when he was born we were thrown into the arena of occupational therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy more doctors and test after test after test. This process is extremely daunting, however necessary. I was just trying to tackle each obstacle as it came day-by-day with all the optimism I could muster. I had a determination to not think negatively or get in that place of despair or asking why me? How do you bala nce the range of emotions that not only go through your mind, but the minds of your family and friends round the hopes and fears of the destiny of your child?I am so grateful for my faith and belief system to help me sustain my strength and emotional public assistance because I have no idea where I would be without it. This was truly one of the most difficult times of my life combined with an element of gratitude for the life and well-being of my son. Even though we are still on this journey a lot of progress has been made from that first day of life in July. My official attitude about my sons disability has been engraved in him and I am quite encouraged that through it all he will be such a positive example of how the challenges of Cerebral Palsy will not dictate his life.

Sam Cooke and A Change Is Gonna Come

In the middle of a time where black Americans were facing entire ridicule and fighting for their rights, surface-to-air missile Cooke arose from the gospel truth medicine style and merged into the music known as Soul, a genre that spoke to the socially crumbling land about peace and civil rights changes. Through his smooth style, velvety voice, hand rough appearance, and appeal to black and white audiences alike, Sam Cooke made a difference in the lives of Americans in the 1960s by free-spokenizing with pure emotion and soul, like in A Change is Gonna Come.Through this genres sincere singing with lyrics full of emotion, a sense of understanding was brought to the people of America about the African-American struggle for equality. Soul music came from Gospel roots, emerging onto the music ikon around the 1950s. Because it came from Gospel and Rhythm and Blues, the term Soul really is what is says the music itself contains much feeling or soul in the lyrics, and the actual style of music and singing reflect gospel-hymns, just with blue lyrics instead (Scaruffi).Soul allowed the sexual innuendoes of blues lyrics, and gave way to a more catchy style that caught on with the recent people of America. Major elements of Soul music include a sense of call-and-response between the soloist and the chorus, improvisation in singing various vocal runs, and an almost vocal moaning in between lines of verses and choruses. Credited with inventing Soul is Ray Charles, who initially fused the call-and-response format with the song structure and chord changes of R&B, along with the vocal styles of Gospel (Gilmore).Charles song, Ive Got a Woman, recorded in 1955, is credited to be the first Soul song, starting a craze of Soul that would flourish with the lately 1990s. The 1960s, however, were the golden years of Soul, where the genre gave way to the fame of a few nonable names like Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, and Smokey Robinson. The styles of these art ists and many others in the realm of Soul became very versatile, large-hearted to audiences black and white alike (Gilmore). This music showed America a piece of what was going on in lives of African Americans, uniting them in a sense, through music (Stephens).In 1959, Berry Gordy created the record company, Hitsville, USA, which would later become Motown Records. Every artist who came into this record company was African American until the late 1980s, and they all render Soul. This record company played a vital role in the Civil Rights impetus, as many of the companys artists were strong advocates of the movement, and they wrote their songs about it (Werner, 15). know as black music in its time, songs of Soul in the 1960s frequently paralleled the civil rights issues the blacks were having in America.It is said that Martin Luther King, Jr. gave the Civil Rights Movement a vision, and the artists of Soul gave it a voice (Werner, 4). Because most, if not all, Soul artists at the t ime were African American, they could honestly sing about the true emotions they were feeling at the time and write songs that matched the reality black Americans were facing. Some of the songs that could have emulated the movement were Respect by Aretha Franklin, Say It Loud, Im Black and Proud by crowd together Brown, Inner City Blues by Marvin Gaye, and A Change Is Gonna Come by Sam Cooke.Sam Cooke was born in Clarksdale, Mississippi, on January 22, 1931, in the midst of the Great Depression. The son of a Baptist minister, Cooke grew up singing in churches and multiple Gospel groups in the Chicago area where his family eventually moved (Bowman). In the thunder of Gospel music during the time, Cooke latched onto a group known as the Soul Stirrers and became semi-famous while with the group (Gulla, 110). As a Gospel singer, Cooke was recognized to be different. He was known as the voice of change, having more of a pure voice compared to other artists of his time (Werner, 31).Cooke began discovering his natural vocal technique, and while still channeling the sounds of Jesus, he displace in crowds with his elegance and composure (Gulla, 111). Bobby Womack, a singer who had sang alongside Cooke in some acts said, He went out there and started singing and people would not believe his voice. Sam Cooke was a different breed of Gospel singer, and he changed the style, giving it an edge and a more youthful appeal. In 1955, Cooke began cutting secular songs to make it big with Specialty Records, and became a hit instantly with his hits, Ill Come Running Back to You, and You Send Me (Gulla, 114).His short career produced many memorable hits and records, and in the midst of it, Cooke served his black community in the struggle over civil rights. In parallel to the movement and in light of his sons tragic death and Bob Dylans Blowin In the Wind, Cooke wrote, A Change Is Gonna Come in 1963 (Song Facts). Cooke suddenly died in 1964, right before the assoil of the song, and black America plunged into despair because he had been a ray of light, a symbol of hope, and an emblem of equality and racial balance (Gulla, 109). He had been an icon for both(prenominal) blacks and whites alike.In spite of his shorted career, A Change Is Gonna Come affected America with is raw lyrics and unprecedented emotion Cooke displays in his song. A Change Is Gonna Come was released eleven days after Cookes death as a final farewell to his audiences that loved him. The song expresses the soul of the freedom movement as clearly as one of Dr. Kings speeches (Werner, 33). The song begins with a melodramatic playing of the strings and French horn, interrupted by Cookes voice pram witness to the restlessness that keeps him moving like the muddy river bordering the Delta where he was born.Cooke then goes vocally into what could seemingly be back to his Gospel roots, saying that Its been a long, long time coming, and in the second long, Cooke carries the weight of of a bone -deep gospel weariness (Werner, 33). Cooke then gives reassurance to the listeners that he knows a change is gonna come. The classic whoa-whoa-whoa, a Sam Cooke signature, is sang in the middle of the word know to give it emphasis, claiming this truth to America and the world, that a change will indeed come.These same lines are recurrent at the end of every verse, giving a clearer answer to the problems Cooke poses, saying Its been a long time coming, but I know a change is gonna come, oh yes it will (Werner, 34). The second verse declares, Its been too hard living, but Im afraid to die, giving way the hard troubles African Americans go through, and not to give up the fight, for what is up beyond the sky is unknown to Cooke. The third verse speaks of segregation I go to the movie and I go downtown, somebody keep telling me dont hang around, meaning people turning him and others down publicly because they are black.Next is the bridge, and it is different musically the quiet beat o f the percussion halts for a moment, and builds up to Cooke saying I go to my brother but his winds keep knockin me down. This suggests that his brother is the white population, denying blacks justice and peace in the midst of their trials when they continually ask for it. Cooke then lets out a deep, emotional Ohhhhh leading up to the climax of the last verse. The horns pick up stronger in the tail verse, and the pace of the song gains a stronger, semi-faster tempo.The tempo and instrumentation of the last verse gives a bolder feel to the song, making it have a victorious sound, which are not as sentimental as the verses in the beginning of the song. This fourth verse declares the strength of Cooke, declaring, I think Im able to carry on. This reveals that through all these troubles, he is willing to put up a fight and carry on with his life. The song is ended with the repeated lines again, and a beautiful exit of the strings and horns, oddment on a harmonious chord, symbolizing a harmony in America that can be reached if a change really does come.The reception and bequest of Cookes A Change is Gonna Come has been extraordinary. Rolling Stone magazine declared it number 12 in the 500 Greatest Songs of All quantify (Song Facts). The song has been featured in many movies and videos about civil rights, most recently the movie, Malcolm X. Also, the song has been covered by over 50 artists, some of them today including Lil Wayne, Seal, and Adam Lambert (Song Facts). The song still has not lost its Soul roots and meaning over time.Despite the Civil Rights Movement being over, the song can be applied to any issue, struggle, or hard time one may face, which is why it has withstood as a legendary song. A Change is Gonna Come will forever be remembered as a beacon of light to the people of the Civil Rights Movement, and as a suck up of Sam Cookes career. He brought Soul to a new level and created a more elegant, clean style with his realistic lyrics and Gospel ro oted voice. Because of his achievements and the rival his song had on America, he is remembered as the King of Soul, and the man who sang the change (Song Facts).

Amway in China: a Case of Corporate and Brand Reputation Essay

With the turbulent regulatory environment for the purport selling industry in chinaw be, the November 2005 announcement that Am demeanor mainland China Co. Ltd (ACCL) had over $2 billion in sales for the second consecutive year is signifi rout outt for the multilevel institutionalise selling giant, Amway Corporation. China remains the leading mart of their worldwide operations up to now though direct selling was banned in 1998. Their success can be attributed to responses by the corporate and local management for adapting during the ten years of line operations in China. Eva Cheng, chairwoman of Amway (China) and an executive vice-president of Amway Corporation, told a press conference in Guangzhou, We have been told to shut down five times and to change our way of doing telephone line four times. We depend on product quality more than our business license.New regulations in December 2005 will pose further modifications to the Amway business model in China. Despite the uncertai nty, ACCL performed admirably, said Steve Van Andel, Chairman of parent familiarity Alticor. We continue to examine our future options in China in clean of the new rules, which have yet to go in effect. We are very optimistic that China will continue to be our strongest performing market.The Company writeFounded in 1959, Michigan-based Amway Corporation is a large direct selling company of individualised guardianship, home care, eatable and commercial products. It is a wholly owned footslogger of privately-held Alticor, Inc. that operates primarily through Amway Corp Quixtar Inc.,a North American Web-based business opportunity and Access Business Group LLC, a product development, manufacturing and logistics provider to Amway, Quixtar and other companies. Alticor Inc. and its family of companies account sales of $6.4 billion for the performance year ending August 31, 2005. Amway operates in more than 80 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. Products offered incl ude vanes such as Nutrilite vitamins and food supplements, Artistry skin care and color cosmetics, eSpring system, Magna Bloc therapeutic mag cryst tout ensembleizes and SA8 race system. Access Business Group manufactures Amways stake products in facilities in adenosine deaminase (Michigan), Buena Park (California) and Guangzhou (China).Amways products and improvements are marketed through more than 3 million independent business owners (IBOs) and sales parts worldwide through a multilevel direct selling model. Direct sales, as defined by the World Federation of Direct marketing Associations, is a process involving the marketing of products and services straight to consumers in a face-to-face manner, away from permanent retail locations. Annual worldwide sales in this sector are nearly US $90 billion, half of which are in the United States and Japan. In the United States, approximately 80% of direct sales are by multi-level marketing organizations, where salespeople are sal aried not only on their own personal sales, but also on the sales of other salespeople whom they recruit and train through up-line and down-line relationships.History of fight in ChinaAmway (China) Co., Limited incorporated as a joint venture in 1992 and opened a 152,000 square foot manufacturing plant in the Guangzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone on January 18, 1995. The Amway operations in the Peoples Republic of China are part of Amway Asia Pacific Ltd., a publicly traded company until becoming privately owned in 2000, that encompasses Amway businesses in Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, New Zealand, Taiwan and Thailand. Initial manufacturing for the Chinese market included five homecare base cleaning products, with personal care products introduced throughout the year.Amway China commenced sales operation in the Guangdong and Fujian provinces in April 1995. Following the multilevel direct selling model of Amway, a minimum monetary investment of approximately US$85 for ma rried couples and individuals was required to establish their own business. New distributors received training and support from their shits and were back up by motivational programs and incentives. The total sales to the ne iirk that the distributor helped recruit, train and motivate was considered in calculating bonuses. Thousands of sales representatives registered during the starting signal years, bringing Amways net sales in China to $178 million for fiscal year 1997.Until the 1990s, direct selling was not an established method of distribution in China. Chinese officials taken the term for direct selling, chuanxiao, as passing products from one layer of participants to another layer of participants, with the product price increased at each layer which is not a factual representation of the business model of approximately direct selling companies. Meanwhile, illegal smuggling of imported products, mass meetings to recruit salespersons and get-rich-quick schemes generated att ention of Chinese officials, resulting in the first national regulation on direct selling in 1994. These regulations focused on preventing fraudulent activities and set limits on advertising for recruits and earnings for introducing new sales representatives. In 1998 after numerous attempts to address violations of the chuanxio regulations, and two highly publicized scams in Huizhou City and Xingsha the State Council ordered all direct selling companies to cease operations, disband distributor networks, clean up debts, and modify its sales method.Response to restriction on direct sellingForced to structure the business, Amway worked with the Chinese officials to implement a model that would allow sales representatives to continue participation in the business. While we will have to make a good turn of changes in how we operate, in all of our discussions with the Chinese government it was essential that we retain the foundation of an independent sales force to service our custom ers, said Richard DeVos, president of Amway Asia Pacific. downstairs the approved plan, Amways product distribution centers throughout China became retail locations with Amway branded products marked at retail price. Once a Chinese consumer bought Amway products for two consecutive, they became privileged customers who buy Amway products at a 15 percent discount for their personal use. These privileged customers could apply to Amway to be sales representatives to buy Amway products directly from the retail stores at the full price, paying with the customers money and delivering the products to customers. They received a 15 percent commission on sales to their customers.By establishing 180 company-owned retail locations by 2005, the plan allowed an estimated 180,000 direct sellers to continue to operate within what the company terms a mode of selling through shops, plus the use of sales representatives. However, the adulation to continue business stipulated that sales representative income was based on individual results, not those of the team a move intended to limit the attraction of forms of direct selling that might lead to pyramid frauds. In anticipation that the regulations may change, sales representatives continued to introduce others to the business while not receiving commission from their sales. by dint of obtaining appropriate business licenses, approximately 80,000 sales representatives became authorized agents whose compensation included both team performance and their own sales.Corporate SponsorshipsAmway continued its tradition of affair with the community through corporate sponsorships that enhanced its reputation in China. By the end of Aug 2005, Amway China supported over 1,800 charity projects in the areas of children, health and environmental protection. These projects resulted in earning over 1,200 honors and awards. The China Charity Association granted the company the award of Exemplary Benefactor to Social Welfare in 2002.For enviro nmental initiatives, the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources awarded Amway China the title of Model Enterprise for Protecting Earths Resources in 2002. Other rewards include Star Enterprise to Contribute to the worldly concern Welfare by China Children and Teenagers Fund, Advanced Enterprise for Excellent After-Sales Service and Product Quality by China General Chamber of Commerce in 2003. In 2004, Fortune (Chinese Edition), listed Amway China as one of the some Admired Companies, Most Influential MNC, and Most Influential Brand.Brand PositioningAccording to tooshie Parker, Chief marketplaceing Officer of Amway Corporation, Amway views their product portfolio in terms of the way in which products support the business opportunity to enable the independent business owners to recruit, to retail, and to serve for higher award levels. Without multilevel direct selling in China, the focus is on creating a portfolio of products and brands with a price/ repute relationship that allo ws sales representative to succeed in developing customers. Amway China produces and markets more than 160 products, including Nutrilite( food supplements, Artistry( skin care and cosmetics, personal care and home care products.To make the brand more visible and make it easier for the sales representatives to sell products to the customer, Amway China invested over 30 million US dollars for advertising in 2005. Amway broadcast films of Artistry cosmetics and Nutrilite nutrition products in 1,500 business buildings throughout China and more than 4,000 liquid crystal display televisions in Shanghais underground carriages. Artistry was the title sponsor bringing The Phantom of the Opera to Shanghai. Sponsorship of the first health runs to take place in China has coined the term Nutrilite Health Runs for what most countries would call 10K or marathons. For the Chinese, the Nutrilite brand has become synonymous with fitness and activity.According to the Euromonitor, Amway China was the f ourth largest company in cosmetics and toiletries sales in 2005 with a 5% market share overall. The cosmetic brand Artistry was second in overall cosmetic brand share, with 4.3%, closely following Procter & Gambles, Olay brand with 5%. It is the second largest in Color Cosmetics with 7.5% market and brand share in all regions of China. In the over-the-counter healthcare category, Amway held an overall value share of nearly 19%, far exceeding that held by the next closest competitor.Amway was the top performing player in vitamins and dietary supplements in China, capturing over 25% of vitamins and dietary supplements in 2004. Nutrilite, was the leading brand with value share of more than 13%, including the best selling brand Nutrilite Protein Powder, and its multivitamins and other dietary supplements, such as calcium and fish oil. In the home care products, Amway China is not a major player, with 0.1% of the overall market, however have brand recognition and share in laundry care a nd dishwashing products. The laundry detergent, SA8, is ranked ninth in the nation with 0.5% brand share and Dish Drops is ranked eleventh with a 1.1% brand share.Commitment to product development for the Chinese market includes seven laboratories for quality assurance and two research and development centers in Guangzhou and Shanghai. The Company has been awarded the Advanced Technology Enterprise for three times from 1996 to 2002. In 2004, Amway increased its investment in China by US$120 million to set up a research and development center in Shanghia to explore introducing herbal medicinal elements to its products. Continuing lobbying for resumption of direct selling in ChinaRecognizing the large potential of direct selling in China, Amway participated in efforts of the American Chamber of Commerce, the US-China Business Council, and the World Federation of Direct Selling to lobby for Chinese participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Most importantly, Amways chairman S teve Van Andel addressed the U.S. House Ways and Means subcommittee to urge Chinas accession, in order to normalize trade relations with China on a permanent basis as well as to gain trust from Chinese government. Chinas accession into the WTO in 2001 was expected to help improve the environment for direct sales in the country. China committed in their WTO agreement to allow market access for sell or retail trade services away from a fixed location, requiring China to fully open up the direct sales market by December 11, 2004.After much delay, the new regulations announced in September of 2005 permit direct selling in China with a number of restrictions. The most detrimental to the multinationals in the market is that the new law defines all multi-level marketing compensation structures as illegal chuanxiao. The new regulations also impose training restrictions that all salespersons will be required to pass an examination and be certified, as well as limit sales representative comp ensation to 30% of personal sales. Three other requirements to obtain approval include 1) three years of foreign operating experience before being allowed within China 2) service centers in every province where product is sold and 3) a minimum bond of 20 million RMB plus 15% of monthly sales up to a maximum of 100 million RMB.Upcoming challengeAmway China admits that the transition to comply with the new regulations will take time given their placement as the largest direct selling company in China, with 50% of the market and more than ten times the sales volume of competitor Avon. The company can continue operating under its current approval while evaluating changes needed to meet the expectations of the Chinese government and therefore are not concerned that Avon was first to receive approval from the Ministry of Commerce to engage in direct selling in China. Under the new legislation, sales representatives may sell products outside of a fixed retail location, providing Amway rep resentatives further opportunities to generate sales. Additionally, lifting restrictions on imported products may allow Amway China to access over 450 kinds of goods from its parent company.The continuing ban on multilevel direct selling will be the most challenging aspect of Amways response to new regulations. Amways success worldwide relies on a motivated sales force through multilevel compensation. One authorized sales agent of Amway in China is quoted as saying We free face a huge challenge in China, because multilevel marketing is where the real profits lie. The 180,000 Amway sales representatives in China look for the company leading to consider their interests while pursuing solutions that meet the new regulations. Eva Cheng states We will review the nature of the authorized agents jobs and make whatever modifications are necessary to ensure the companys marketing activities are not open to allegations of chuanxiao.Questions for Discussion1. Who are the stakeholders for Amw ay in China? How would a stakeholder analysis help in developing a communication strategy? What is your recommendation for a communication strategy during this transition period?2. Why is it important for Amway to be good corporate citizen in China? Can doing good overcome negative or inaccurate perceptions of the direct selling industry in China?3. To what degree has Amway standardized its brand globally? How has it adopted its promotion strategy to local conditions in China?4. What options does Amway have to address the new regulations on direct selling in China? What are the advantages and disadvantages associated with each?SourcesAmway Fact Sheet, Alticor Fact Sheet, Amway China Fact Sheet. Amway Regulates Agents in China Market. Alestron (March 8, 2006) Amway StartsPromotion in China. Alestron (May 14, 2004) China on Verge of Opening Vast Market for Direct Selling. Nutrition Business Journal 10, 4 (2005) 9-12. Chung, Olivia. First Law of Direct Sales A Clear Ban on Multi-Level Marketing in China Will Mean Harder Times for Amway and Avon. The Standard, September 26, 2005. Cosmetics and Toiletries in China (June 2006). Euromonitor. Direct Sales in China. Washington, DC World Federation of Direct Selling, 2005. Gee, Pauline. flake fit amway has had to persevere in China but its determination to succeed there means it now holds an enviable position. (Country Report China). Soap, Perfumery & Cosmetics Asia (Nov 2002) 15(1). Ho, Herbert H. The Development of Direct Selling Regulation in China, 1994-2004. Washington, DC The US-China Business Council, 2004. Household Care in China (October 2005). Euromonitor.Jun, Lin, and Rebecca Karnak. At Last, Progress on Direct Selling. China Business Review, Nov/Dec2005. MacLeod, Calum. Chinas New Rules Open Door to Amway, Avon, Others. USA TODAY, November 30, 2005. OTC Healthcare in China (December 2005). Euromonitor.Ostroff, Jim (1998), Amway Slated to Resume Its Operations in China., WWD, 175 (144), 28(1).

The Blindside

The blindside picture versus the book Robert ward Chowan University This paper was prep ard for critical thinking 102, section c, taught by Professor Collins surprise truths and lies In the movie the blindside there are many truths and differences from the book. Some of them more evident than others. In this movie/book critique I will explain the many truths and lies, to better explain the echt story of Michael oher.Some key examples of the truths are the truth of big mikes parents also what are the toughys real professions. Key examples of lies betwixt the two stories would be how the toughys rattling discovered big mike, was Michael really a timid player as portrayed in the movie, and did mike really throw a rival player a border in a high school game. The Blind Side true story reveals that Michaels deliver mother had been addicted to crack cocaine. (ChasingtheFrog. om, 2013) this was also clearly stated in the movie, just like mikes pose which in the movie we select he wa s murdered but in the book we learn in detail that he was shot and thrown off an over pass. (The Blind Side Evolution of support 2012). other than the truths about big mikes real parents we also learn about the toughys. In reality Leanne was rattling an interior decorator who eventually helped Michael decorate his own house. Sean toughy was also an owner of a major tight food chain.One of the most disputed facts was when in the movie did Michael ever have a bed to himself. We learn from a comparison of the book and movie that is was truly stated that until moving in with the toughys Michael had never had a bed to himself being he had eleven other siblings growing up. There are actually a lot of similarities in the movie and the book but most are very small and not easily noticed. What you have to understand when looking at a movie or reading a book based on the same story is that it is basically impossible to have everything due to the facts that they are ortrayed by two differen t directors perspectives , and a movie cant last nearly as long as a book. There are many false truths about the blindside both to make a better story or the actual truth was not known at the time the movie was created. One example would be who was the first family member to make contact with Michael. In the movie we find that big mike was first approached by Leanne when she spotted him walking in the come down at night. The book says that sean senior saw him Collins volleyball game picking up darkened popcorn.The actuality is that Collins noticed the large man mike and told her father who began to pay for mikes lunch when he realised he did not have the money to buy it himself. Another example would be did mike actually sputter in hurt village as seen in the movie. The truth is that was false to he did fight but the person who he fought was a teammate at ole miss. The reasons for the fight are the same though. working Cited ChasingtheFrog. com. (2013). Retrieved march 3, 2013 , from ChasingtheFrog. com http//www. chasingthefrog. com/reelfaces/blindside. php

Daddy-Long-Legs analysis Essay

The text under analysis is a passage from an epistolary tonic written by a well-known American writer Jean Webster. She was active politically and socially, and practically included issues of interest in her books. This book is written in belles-lettres style. The story has a record presentation and the subject of the extract is drown from life. The author places herself in the position of the main image. The main character is a Judy. The novel episode by episode describes the life of Judy in the College. Its unfolded through the first off person narration (an I-story), as its written in the form of letters of Judy to Mr. Daddy-Long-Legs, a lavish man whom she has never seen. This extract is the first letter of Judy to Mr. Smith. The style of the letter is informal.It is written in stimulated tone,what corresponds definite difficulties for translation.The language of this letter is full of syntactical means. there is example of gradation It seems strange for me to be writing letters to nearlybody you dont know. It seems strange to be writing letters at all.We can reproduce it with the economic aid of such grammatical transformation as transposition . The interpreter can use the following grammatical transformation ,for example, replacement1)when we change Active Voice on Passive Voice, e.g. Before leaving yesterday morning, Mrs. Lippett and I had a very serious talk.- , , .2) When we change a noun on the verb, e.g. I will write you a description- . By translation the embedding can be used, e.g. I will write you a description later when Im feeling less confused- , .There is an example of conversion, when we use the replacement, e.g. having somebody take an interest in me after all these years, makes me feel as though I had found a sort of family.- , , , . There is an idiom, which one can translate with the help of phraseological equivalent, e.g. a great deal-.The author uses such lexical expressive means as anton omasia.It is presented here by the so-called speaking names, which intrduce informality into theletter and difficulties for translation,e.g. Daddy-Long-Legs - (daddy . , . daddy-long-legs // -) Dear Kind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College- 1) ------2) Mr. Girl-Hater 1) , 2) Mr. Rich-Man- 1) , 2) . There are also some prope names, which should be transcribed , e.g. Mrs. Lippett- , John Smith- , John Grier Home- ().The lexical expressive means as similie can be find,e.g. I feel like a fire horse all of the time- , / . The author achieves the humorous marrow because of so-called Speaking Names and funny tone of the whole letter, for example ,a rethorical question Why couldnt you have picked out a name with a little personality?- ? The writing style helps us to understand better the chaming character of Jerusha Abbott, her naive and witty thoughts and ideas.The translator should keep the atmosphere of the text and obey all syntactical and lexica l expressive means.

Analysis of Wal-Mart Managerial Accounting Process Essay

Company DescriptionFor the final project of managing finance Wal-Mart Stores Inc is chosen as the tidings target. Being one of the grocery retail shop leaders in the world, Wal-Mart (WM) operates business with 10,000 retail units in 27 countries with about USD444 million of sales in 2012 (Wal-Mart homepage 2012). Driven by the corporate strategies, WM growth rapidly around the world. To support the growth, draw offrial dominance in the operations is very important. Since budget is the early step which put motorbuss plan into operation, lets take a blotto look at WMs budgeting serve up.Budgeting ProcessBudget reflects a confederacys plan, twain coarse and short term, to accomplish business objectives. The focus of the WMs budgeting dust is on providingbetter quality and function to the customers. WM follows needed considerations in its budgeting process and procedures. They implements flexible budget in its business that identifies smasher price drivers and everyocates peachy to those over head be properly. Through this way, WM is able to make a budget for different levels of activity. WM sterilize goals and objectives and define their mission and vision surpassly in their budgeting process. They plan for the stock requirement in methodicalness to achieve the forecasted level of sales. Budgeting process is overly helpful to measure the performance of different departments in WM. It enables them to manage costs of different levels of execution by weighing the actual costs against the budgeted cost (Plunkett, Attner & Allen, 2011, p. 558-560).WM takes corrective action to control those costs in say to make this closer the flexible budget prepared in advance. WM communicate goals and targets of each employee through budget and continuous report back to the corporate on operation, investiture and financial activities ground on budget tellation. Its budgeting procedures help WM to be competitive in cost and to economically use the resource s that made better revenue for the participation. In contrast to this, in this procedure, prediction is difficult for the manager because they believe on a range of estimates of what to expect financially. In addition, this process as well as depends on dissimilar variables that affects to each other. It is very complicated to prepare and difficult to understand for other employees of the company (Axson, 2010, p. 132-140).Management accountancy SystemManagement history system (MAS) in WM play a crucial role to modify their business activities effectiveness. Management accounting information are collected, stored and prepared through use of well designed accounting information system. It simplifies getting information to people outside of the organization when necessary. Through use of MAS, WM determines its sign purchase price of raw material including subsequent ope rating and master(prenominal)tenance costs. MAS help to evaluate the determine structures effectiveness by showing cost, sales and revenue data. It gives idea to the company to check the price of the product to be competitive in the market. WM disseminates this information to its various parties through conductingformal and unaffixed meetings, conferencing, global network and employees survey techniques (Needles, Powers & Crosson, 2010, p. 720-722).Moreover, WM in the first place uses its accounting reports based on principles of GAAP to make inform its stakeholders about its financial position. WM uses the strategic foc use accounting system which helps to enhance the effectiveness of decision fashioning within the company. WM use MAS for everything from entering in new market to vendors/products selection and even new set process, promotion strategies and to distribution (Needles, Powers & Crosson, 2007).The accounting information from MAS of WM helps in planning, controlling and other managerial activities. Their system also able to come up all kind of alternatives with integr ated accounting information which assist management to find out the best strategy for organizational effectiveness improvement (Wal-Mart homepage 2012). WM disseminate managerial accounting information through budgets for all departments which help all departments to facilitate proper integration in all kind of activities within the company.WM currently uses Vision Suite accounting software that includes different aspects of finance manage AR/AP, general ledger, check writing and external accounting integration. This software is faster and relatively cheaper and generates accounting documents automatically. Through this, many types of useful reports throne be generated for management to make decisions. On the other side, it can be susceptible for computer viruses and hackers. In absence of proper control and security, it can constitute problems for the confidentiality of the company (Gilbertson & Lehman, 2008, p. 6, 437 ).Costing SystemIn term of be process, WM is focus on inven tory control since that is the most(prenominal) important part of their business to determine its profitability. To determine the cost of inventory, WM uses several costing method. In beau monde to reduce inventory cost as well as determining accurate cost of products, WM uses both last in first out and FIFO. By using the retail method of accounting, inventories are at low cost or at least at market rate. This will help to increase the effectiveness of operation since WM is retailbusiness and this will facilitates competitive advantage over competitors. According to WMs 2012 annual report, they use LIFO to determine weighting average cost for products in US and for inventories for outside(a) operations are using the FIFO method (Wal-Mart annual report 2012, page 31). These differences way of costing will enhance effectiveness of the company in managing cost. WM accomplish their strategy, everyday low cost approach (EDLC) through these costing method (Wal-Mart annual report 2012, page 18).So as to allocate cost to different products, WM uses the activity based costing (ABC) system. ABC system enables the WM to better understand the cost structure and cost drivers. On the nates of this, WM takes effective decisions regarding price structure. The ABC approach can exhibit the actual work done relating with merchandise more than(prenominal) accurately in sight to be useful in management accounting. The ABC system is use by management to collect a full cost view. VM can reduce the overhead cost by minimizing the number of cost drivers (Leitner, 2007, p. 5).In contrast to this, there is possibility that as per this method, costs can be more than profits. Apart from this, it also requires data input from multiple departments that can create greater risk of failure of data inputs. The cost of managing the system is also high payable to having more cost pool volume. For instance, Wal-Mart is a large organization, as cost accounting information is difficult to s eparate, due to the presence of multiple product lines and numerous machine setups in complex production environments (Drury, 2006, p. 350-362).Capital determination Making ProcessEvaluation of investment appraisal techniques is useful in detonator decision do process by bringing together financial and strategic aspects of the project. The capital investment decisions of WM are mainly driven by its financial priorities such as growth, leverage and returns on investment. The major concern of WM is international expansion and its profitability (Wal-Mart annual report 2012, page 28). WM select and manage projects through the below move1. Project information collection collect information such as past performance, costs, benefits and associated risks. 2. Evaluating the project habituate cost benefit analysis, net present value, IRR etc to evaluate the project. WM uses discounted cash flow (DCF) investment appraisal technique in capital decision making process. They only invest it s capital in projects that meet stringent payback full stops and yield at least a required rate of return in a DCF analysis (Brigham & Daves, 2012, p. 544-549). 3. Selecting project WM uses NPV and IRR method to evaluate projects alternative. For selecting projects, they will based on different criteria of the projects, but also taking into account the incremental revenue, time, company reputation etc..The above help WM to ensure optimal engagement of their capital resources. For example, WMs new solar project in California, they focused on DCF method to fix that it should invest its capital in this project or not. After implementing this technique, WM determined the average payback period for its energy saving projects that was 6.3 months. It also provided an annual return on investment of 190 percent on these projects that was profitable for the company. Therefore, WM wants to consider these discount flow values for its new solar project in order to make profits as future pro spective (Ailworth, 2012).Capital StructureIn term of capital acquisition decision, the main criteria are the long term sustainability and stability in performance. The cash flow is the main source of capital that ensures the long term success. WM considers market position, market trend, credit policy, financial status and stakeholders interests onwards deciding the best sources of acquiring financial capital. Sometimes, it also considers the financing cost to arrange the capital for caterpillar track its operations. Credit rating of the company influences the WMs decision on capital structure because its good rating helps it to take the credit from the financial institutions (Kronwald, 2010, p. 5-16).Instead of issuing common equity, WM is relying more on funds get from market. Additionally, capital structure of WM is risky as their financingrely heavily on debt or loans that whitethorn impact earnings. WM has been operating at 1.71 debt equity ratio (Yahoo Finance, 2012). Fundi ng decisions of WM is associated with capital rising through debt more because of taking benefits of tax deduction and lower financing cost. It has some implications such as funds extension positive impact on financial result or company performance and meeting require on operation and investment (Seidman, 2004, p. 77-80). This is important to maintain low capital cost while achieving the company goals in the capital structure of the company (Wal-Mart Annual report 2012 page 28).ConclusionIn order for the company to make effective managerial decision, various kinds of processes and approaches in budgeting and costing are necessary. WM implemented a well quality budgeting process which improves their effectiveness in accomplishing their objectives. Their budgeting process helps to motivate and improve effectiveness of employees and also help to create long term objective for the organization. They use MAS to do have the most cost effective vendors and products selection and also to manage all the accounting information to improve the effectiveness of the managerial decision. In order to reduce the total cost of products and maintain competitive position in the market, WM selected the appropriated costing process and procedure. Given their effective method of capital resources and effective capital structure for obtaining capital which helps WM to be efficiency in a lot of capital decision making as well as objectives accomplishment. In summary, the overall managerial accounting practices with WM is quite effective.Information Sources and MethodologyMost of the information of this discussion was collecting from the annual report of WM for 2012. In addition, finance text books, journals and web sites are being used as well. For the annual report, 3 years has been reviewed in order to have a more clear picture of their growth as well as if there were any managerial practices or process been changed. A lot of information about WMs financial and managerial accounti ng systems such as budgeting/costing process, capital structure etc are available in thoseresources. Observation methodology is used to contemplate information.ReferencesAilworth, E. (2012). Walmart to install solar panels on 27 stores in Mass. Retrieved from http//bostonglobe.com/business/2012/05/14/walmart-install-solar-panels-stores-mass/kxHjt9sQrPxSvN5sPWTjsN/story.html Accessed on Oct 25, 2012Brigham & Daves, P. R. (2012). Intermediate pecuniary Management. ground forces Cengage Learning.Drury, C. (2006). Cost and Management score An Introduction. USA Cengage Learning EMEA.Gilbertson, C. B. & Lehman, M. W. (2008). Fundamentals of Accounting Course 1. USA Cengage Learning.Kronwald, C. (2010). Credit Rating and the Impact on Capital Structure. Germany smile Verlag.Leitner, A. (2007). Activity Based Costing. Germany GRIN Verlag.Needles, B. E., Powers, M. & Crosson, S. V. (2010). Financial and Managerial Accounting. USA Cengage Learning.Plunkett, W. R., Attner, R. F. & Allen, G. S. (2011). Management. USA Cengage Learning.Axson, D. J. (2010). Best Practices in Planning and Performance Management Radically Rethinking Management for a Volatile terra firma. USA John Wiley & Sons.Seidman, K. F. (2004). Economic Development Finance. UK SAGE.Yahoo Finance (2012). Retrieved from http//in.finance.yahoo.com/q?s=WMT Accessed on Oct 25, 2012Walmart Homepage 2012. Retrieved from http//corporate.walmart.com/our-story/our-stores Accessed on Oct 25, 2012Walmart Annual report 2010 to 2012. Retrieved from http//stock.walmart.com/annual-reports Accessed on Oct 25, 2012

The Preventing Workplace Discrimination

a. People with disabilities or drug abuse problems gutter be accommodated in several ways. It is especially important to accommodate those with disabilities. The physical workplace setup place for example be arranged in such a way to be more cordial to the blind or wheelchair bound. Those with hearing disabilities suffer be accommodated by providing interpreters during meetings or interactions with the rest of the workplace staff. In terms of drug abuse, programs and workshops focusing on the problem, its consequences and its management can be offered. If not voluntary, such persons can be forced to attend under threat of losing their businesss.b. Personality, attitude toward work, and future upward mobility are rattling important considerations for hiring future employees. In terms of the first, it is important to consider whether the employee will be better adequate for teamwork or individual tasks, for example. The personality in this case will determine which requirements the employee will be topper suited for, and must be aligned with the requirements of the job being utilise for. Attitude towards work is probably the most important consideration.An employee with a positive attitude is much more valuable and more apt(predicate) to succeed in any job situation than nonpareil with a negative attitude. Upward mobility is a consideration that will carry particular weight according to the nature of the job being applied for. An employee that is upwardly mobile will probably be more motivated to perform well than one who is not.c. I believe that Title VII can and will override the employment environment and conditions in a written employment contract. The reason for this is that an employee signing a contract may be unsuspecting of the current legislation regarding such conditions. An employees willingness to work under certain conditions does not change the law regarding these conditions. It is the job of the employer to educate him- or herself rega rding the newest legislation, and complying with this. Non-compliance can result in legal problems and a negative public understand for the company.

Marx and Weber within Religion

Marx and Durkheim jointly cover the nucleus of the sociological estimation on various issues. They encompass the major issues within the sociological tradition. faith remained their favorite sociological overthrow and their have speculated over the issue in the modern sociological context. Marxian reflection on the sociology of theology is truly limited whereas Durkheim has contributed largely on the philosophical and sociological issues pertaining to righteousness. Marx is tip overed as an avant-garde sociologist on the concept of holiness. creation influenced by Hegels philosophy, Marx considers holiness is a manifestation of material realities and economic injustice. Therefore, he labels problems in morality ar eventually last favorable problems. Most of the Marxian thought on the sociological aspects of religion is reflected in the quite a few opening paragraphs of his Contribution to the Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right entering. These ar the same passages that include his widely quoted pronouncement on religion, that it is the opium of the people.Nevertheless, this mastery by Marx can non be taken as demonstration of Marxian apparitional view. It is often misquoted devoid of its context. Marxs starts his essay Contribution to a Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right with such words For Germany the lit crit of religion is in the main complete, and criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism. (Marx 1964B 43) This raises the concerns why Marx has pronounced religious criticism as the essential division of all criticisms. The basic factor that compelled Marx to declargon religious criticism as the basic form was the piece of magnitude of significance that religion holds in the lives of homophiles.Now the question arises why Marx has declared the criticism of religion as he basic of all criticisms. John Macmurrary considers that it was the acknowledgement of historical judgment on the part of Marx. It was an congresswom an of his discretion on the social function of religion. He says in this regardBy criticism, in this phrase, we mustiness be careful to understand what Marx understood by it, not the blank denial of religion, but the historical understanding of its necessity and function in society, which leads to its dialectical negation when its function is completed. Marx meant that the understanding of religion was the key to the understanding of social history. (Macmurrary 1935 219)Mckown reinforces the same understanding like Mcmurray that Marx deems religion as a useful social ray of light and this thinking developed as profound analysis of social history pertaining to religion. But Mckown further emphasizes that this statement has too much generalization. (Mckown, 1975. p.46)Marx further asserts that religion is the production of social evolution and its serves society and state in several ways. He does not eulogize religion but consider it of vital importance for secular as it enriches their lives with horse sense of worth. He says in this regardsReligion is, indeed, the self-consciousness and self-esteem of man who has either not yet won through to himself, or has already lost himself again. But man is no pussyfoot creation squatting outside the world. Man is the world of manstate, society. This state and this society produce religion, which is an invert consciousness of the world, because they are an alter world. Religion is the general theory of this world, its encyclopedic compendium, its logic in favorite form, its spiritual point dhonneur, its enthusiasm, its moral sanction, its solemn complement, and its universal basis of consolation and justification. It is the fantastic realization of the human essence since the human essence has not acquired any true reality. The clamber against religion is, therefore, indirectly the struggle against that world whose spiritual aroma is religion. (Marx, 1964)Appraisal of religion is primary as religion farms the inverted delusions that the religion world i.e life hereafter, deities etc. is factual and that the material world is a shadow of that real life. So in his criticism of religion, he hit any religion that capsizes the physical world from being the primary reality. As an acquittal from his explicit attack on, Marx lessens his negative perception by evaluating the foundational purpose of religion in this wayReligious pitiful is at the same time an expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the sentiment of a heartless world, and the sense of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.Marxs religious viewpoint is not sympathetic toward religion and he does not consider it an extra-human phenomenon. But he is of the view hat religion is a product of society in order to appropriate solace to the distressed people. It was the mechanization of the poor to create an illusory world for themselves to create an flight from harsh realities of life. So he thinks that abolition of religion is necessary to eradicate the illusory world and create an environment for their real happiness. He says that religion is not a malady in itself but it is the index number and the remedy (simultaneously) of that malady i.e. religion is an expression and solution to a to a greater extent fundamental happiness.So Marxian assertions adjoiningly religion are not negative as they are often understood and interpreted. It manifests that Marx has a fond(p) validation of religion until a suitable economic ashes does not remove the causes that created it.Marxian idea of religion derives its strength from his idea of alienation. He think hat it was alienation 1 that dehumanize the individuals and religious opium comes as a minimum resistance by the exploited people that provides illusory hope against the real exploitation. some some other Marxian critic, Norman Birnbaum (1969), interpret this phenomenon in his way, to Marx, religion is a spiritual response to a condition of alienation. (p.126)Illustrating the ultimate and real purpose of religion (contrary to the view of the commom crime syndicate), he further exaplin Marxian view Religion was conceived to be a powerful conservative force that served to perpetuate the domination of unmatched social class at the set down of others. (Ibid 127). So this a cause and effect phenomenon as this illusory hope of common and exploited folk further distoirts the socio-economic condition and in this way self-alienation of individual oincreases with more reliance on religion.Raines2 sums up the Marxian sociology of religion in this wayLike the Hebrew prophets of old, Marx knew that to speak of social justice we must become socially self-critical, and that means becoming critical of the ruling powerswhether they be kings or priests or investment bankers. For Marx, all ideas are relative to the social location and interests of their production. And l ike the prophets before him, the most revealing perspective is not from the make down or the center outward, but thepoint of view of the exploited and marginalized. Suffering can count through and unveil official explanations it can cry out and protest against the arrogance of power. (Raines)To Durkheim, religion was a social phenomenon that logical argumentates directly from the social needs of a society but he considers it an essential regulating force that shapes and determines the consciousness of a society. But its most important purpose is social cohesion. A close analysis of history by Durkheim3 reflected that religion is a valid and vital force that binds the individuals and societies together. Describing Durkheim motives o ask religion on a broader level, Lewis Coser write in his monumental work Maters of Sociological ThoughtDurkheims preceding concern with social regulation was in the main focused on the more external forces of control, more particularly legal regulat ions that can be studied, so he argued, in the law books and without regard to individuals. by and by he was led to consider forces of control that were internalized in individual consciousness. Being convinced that society has to be present within the individual, Durkheim, following the logic of his own theory, was led to the study of religion, one of the forces that created within individuals a sense of moral obligation to adhere to societys demands. (Coser, 1977. p. 136)Durkheim main concern was trace down the social origin of religion. the sociological interpretaion of religion. Fot this purpose, he tried to comprehend the basic forms of social religions. He illustrated that Australian Toteism is the most central form of a religion. He considers that it was the basic social necessity of the social entity that compelled that group to devise a religious activity.Further explaining the social origin of religion, Durkhein says that religion is an epitome of social cohesion. To Dur kheim, society was not a mere collection of individual but is has other internal and external dimensions. Internally, it is the substantial device that moulds our beliefs and attitudes dapple on the external horizon, it exerts and maintains pressures from the society to facilitate conformity to the above-mentioned embodied beliefs and attitudes. For these two purposes, it devised the religious activity. He thought that the absolute purpose of religion is to enable people to show a willingness put their invidual interests and personal propensities and to put interests of society ahead of their own.So it capaciates the people to get ready for a cohesive social life. Ultimately, if individuals want to be happy, so they must regulate their individual needs and aspirations and their propensities must be curb into limits. This regulatory role must thus be executed by an external agency superlative to the individual i.e. by society. Both these feature of social facts explains clearly th at society is an independent entity that works for the collective benefits and dies not surrender to individual proclivities and requirements. Religion acts as social tool for this regulatory role of society. Religion internalizes that regulatory process and individuals act on that as an obligation. Durkheim consider religion as society divinised because religion only acts in the social orbit.Durkheim observes god of divine manifestations of it as society itself. He takes god in the functional perspective and attributes functional traits to god and further links these characteristics to social phenomenon. For example, he says that god is showtime of all a being that man conceives of as captain to himself in some respects and one on whom he believes he depends. golf club also fosters in us the sense of perpetual dependence. Society requires us to make ourselves its servants, forgetful of our own interests. (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 208-209).Durkheim deems religio n as a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbiddenbeliefs and practices which unite into one single moral confederacy called a Church, all those who adhere to them (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 47).He makes an important distinction in religious domain that is based on the separation of human experiences i.e. profane and the Sacred. Profane is the dominion of mundane life experiences i.e. office work, daily life activities etc. This sphere has an ultimate utilitarian approach. The sacred realm constitutes of no-mundane experiences that includes he credit rating of a non-empirical authority and non-utilitarian activities. He says in this regardA society whose members are united by the fact that they think in the same way in regard to the sacred world and its dealings with the profane world, and by the fact that they translate these common ideas to common practices, is what is called a Church. In all h istory, we do not find a single religion without a Church. (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 44)So a superior fusion of profane and sacred life makes the social cohesion that is necessary to put the civilization on the path of progress and prosperity. He describes the social association as an incarnation of relation between individuals and divinity. Coser says in this regard Religion is eminently social it occurs in a social context, and, more importantly, when men preserve sacred things, they unwittingly celebrate the power of their society. This power so transcends their own existence that they have to ca-ca it sacred significance in order to visualize it. (Coser, 1977. p. 136)Durkheim does not support Comtes assertion that man must endeavor to create a new humanitarian cult based on the keen-sighted principles. Durkheim like Marx does not suggest an abrupt ending to religion but reinforces the Marxian that it should work until an appropriate secondary does not replace this vital sociological tool. He says in this regard, We must discover the rational substitutes for these religious notions that for a long time have served as the vehicle for the most essential moral ideas. (Moral Education, 1961. p.9)Coser sums up the religions ultimate function as described by Durkhein, in this wayFinally, religion has a happy function in that it serves to counteract feelings of frustration and loss of faith and certitude by fixing the believers sense of well-being, their sense of the essential rightness of the moral world of which they are a part. By countering the sense of loss, which, as in the case of death, may be experienced on both the individual and the collective level, religion helps to reestablish the balance of private and public confidence. (Coser, 1976. p.139)So Both Marx and Durkheim consider religion important social tools that flop purpose and meaning to the human life.4 Both consider the values of world religions i.e. intrinsic value and ar rogance of human perspective an important element but Marx views it as a toll of the oppressor to perpetuate its practices and to provide a fictitious idealism of human dignity to the common folk. However both consider organization of religion as an imperative social necessity hitherto.ReferencesBellah, Robert. Durkheim and History. American Sociological Review 24 (1959) 447- 61.Chiodi, P. Sartre and Marxism. reaper Press Ltd. 1976.Coser, Lewis A. Masters of Sociological Thought Ideas in Historical and Social Context,2nd Ed., Fort outlay Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. 1977.Emile Durkheim, Moral Education. New York The Free Press.1961.Emile Durkheim, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. New York The Free Press, 1954.Macmurrary, John. The Early cultivation of Marxs thought in Christianity and TheSocial Revolution. Ed. John LewisKarl PolanyiDonald K Kitchin. London,Gollancz, 1935.Mckown, Delos Banning. The classical Marxist critiques of religion Marx, Engels,Lenin, Kautsky. The Hague Martinus Nijhoff, 1975.Marx. Karl. Introduction to a Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right. 1844Pickering, W. S. F. Durkheims Sociology of Religion Themes and Theories. London Routledge & K. Paul. 1984.Raines, John. Marx on Religion. Philadelphia Temple University Press, 2002.1 Chiodi, the famous Marxian critic, Has be Marx concept of alienation in these words It is the negative process by which a number makes himself other than himself by virtue of a constraint which is capable of being removed on the initiative of the subject himself. (Chiodi, 1976. p.80) 2 John Raines is Professor of Religion at Temple University. 3 Most of the Durkheims critics regards his findings as theoretical and ahistorical contemplations but Bellah is of the view that Almost all of Durkheims own researches draw heavily from historical and ethnological sources and are in fact organized in an historical framework (p.448). 4 Durkheim considers it the ultimate function whereas Marx labels it as i nverted and pretended reality.